Cov tsos mob thiab cov tsos mob ntawm tus zuam tom tib neeg, yuav ua li cas?

Ntshav nqus mites - muaj peev xwm nqa tau cov kab mob ntawm qee yam kab mob txaus ntshai rau tib neeg. Tus kab mob nto moo tshaj plaws ntawm pab pawg no hauv Russia yog zuam-borne encephalitis. Tsis tas li ntawd txaus ntshai yog borreliosis (Lyme kab mob), ehrlichiosis, anaplasmosis thiab ib tug xov tooj ntawm lwm yam kab mob kis los ntawm zuam.

! Txhua xyoo, txog li 400 txhiab tus neeg Lavxias tig mus rau cov tsev kho mob rau zuam tom, ib feem peb ntawm cov neeg raug tsim txom yog cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 14 xyoos. Nws tsis paub tias muaj pes tsawg tus zuam tom cov pej xeem ntawm peb lub teb chaws tau txais thaum mus txawv tebchaws.

Qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm suctions yog sau npe nyob rau hauv Siberian, Volga thiab Ural tsoom fwv cheeb tsam, qhov tsawg kawg nkaus - nyob rau hauv sab qab teb thiab North Caucasus.

Kev tawm tsam ntawm zuam yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm lub caij nyoog. Thawj kis ntawm tom - thaum ntxov caij nplooj ntoos hlav nrog qhov nruab nrab txhua hnub av kub siab tshaj 0,3⁰C, lub xeem - lub caij nplooj zeeg sib sib zog nqus. Qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm zuam tom poob rau lub sij hawm txij thaum nruab nrab lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav mus rau thawj ib nrab ntawm lub caij ntuj sov.

Ticks yog cov muaj peev xwm nqa tau ib qho, thiab qee zaum ob peb hom microbes thiab kab mob ib zaug. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, kev thauj mus los ntawm ib tus kab mob yog mono-carrier, thiab ob lossis ntau tus kab mob yog cov sib xyaw ua ke. Hauv cov cheeb tsam uas muaj neeg coob coob, zuam yog cov nqa ntawm:

• mono-kab mob - hauv 10-20% ntawm cov neeg mob;

• Cov kab mob sib xyaw - hauv 7-15% ntawm cov neeg mob.

Tus zuam zuam zoo li cas?

Tus zuam yog txuas rau tib neeg lub cev nrog kev pab los ntawm hypostome. Qhov kev loj hlob tsis sib xws no ua rau lub luag haujlwm ntawm lub cev, kev sib txuas thiab kev nqus ntshav. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws qhov chaw rau zuam los lo rau ib tug neeg los ntawm hauv qab mus rau:

• cheeb tsam hauv pliaj;

• plab thiab hauv qab;

• hauv siab, caj dab, caj dab;

• pob ntseg cheeb tsam.

Thaum lub sij hawm tom, nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm zuam qaub ncaug thiab microtrauma, o thiab ib qho kev tsis haum tshuaj nyob rau hauv lub zos tshwm sim ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Qhov chaw suction yog tsis mob, manifested los ntawm reddening ntawm ib tug puag ncig.

Qhov chaw ntawm tus zuam tom hauv tus kab mob Lyme (borreliosis) zoo li tus yam ntxwv - nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug tshwj xeeb patchy erythema, uas nce mus rau 10-20 cm nyob rau hauv lub cheeb (qee zaum mus txog 60 cm). Cov duab ntawm qhov chaw yog puag ncig, oval, qee zaum tsis xwm yeem. Tom qab qee lub sijhawm, qhov siab sab nrauv ntawm cov xim liab khaus cov ntaub ntawv raws qhov contour. Qhov chaw ntawm erythema ua cyanotic los yog dawb. Hnub tom qab, qhov chaw zoo li lub khob noom cookie, ib qho crust thiab caws pliav yog tsim. Tom qab ob lub lis piam, qhov caws pliav ploj mus yam tsis muaj kab.

Video: raug zuam tom, yuav ua li cas? Kev kho mob ceev:

Kev pab thawj zaug rau tus zuam tom

Tus neeg raug tsim txom yuav tsum tau pab tshem cov zuam, muab tso rau hauv lub thawv kaw thiab kos npe rau daim ntawv lo nrog rau cov qauv biomaterial.

Kev nqus ntawm zuam provokes ib qho kev tsis haum ntawm lub cev, qee zaum hauv daim ntawv ntawm Quincke's edema.

Cov cim qhia ntawm Quincke's edema tsim nyob rau hauv ob peb feeb lossis teev hauv daim ntawv ntawm:

• o ntawm daim tawv muag, daim di ncauj thiab lwm qhov chaw ntawm lub ntsej muag;

• mob leeg;

• ua pa nyuaj.

Qhov no yog qhov tshwm sim txaus ntshai heev ntawm kev tsis haum tshuaj, koj yuav tsum hu rau lub tsheb thauj neeg mob tam sim ntawd thiab sim pab tus neeg raug tsim txom ua ntej cov kws kho mob tuaj txog.

Hauv tsev, koj tuaj yeem ua cov hauv qab no:

• muab ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob;

• muab kev nkag mus rau huab cua ntshiab;

Kev kuaj mob thiab kev kho mob rau kev kis kab mob tau ua nyob rau hauv cov tsev kho mob.

Yuav mus qhov twg rau zuam tom?

Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los ua cov algorithm hauv qab no ntawm kev ua:

1. tshem tawm cov zuam daig;

2. coj nws mus rau lub chaw kuaj mob uas tau lees paub rau kev kuaj pom tus kab mob kis los ntawm PCR (saib qhov chaw nyob hauv qab no);

3. pub ntshav (yog tias tsim nyog) txhawm rau kuaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ELISA hauv tib neeg cov ntshav (cov ntsiab lus hauv qab no).

4. undergo ib chav kawm ntawm kev kho mob raws li cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev kuaj sim thiab cov tshuaj ntsuam xyuas.

1. Tshem cov zuam daig

Qhov nqus ntawm zuam tshwm sim tom qab kho nws ntawm tib neeg lub cev. Cov txheej txheem no yuav siv sij hawm los ntawm ob peb feeb mus rau ob peb teev. Kev nqus ntshav yuav kav li ob teev mus rau ob peb hnub. Suction yog imperceptible rau tib neeg, thiab ib tug zuam twb qaug nrog ntshav yog puag ncig thiab grey nyob rau hauv cov xim.

Tus zuam nqus yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm sai, tab sis ua tib zoo! Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los tiv thaiv nws lub plab los ntawm kev puas tsuaj thiab xau ntawm hemolymph thiab tib neeg cov ntshav. Ob txhais tes thiab qhov txhab ntawm qhov chaw ntawm qhov tom yuav tsum tau kho nrog cov tshuaj uas muaj cawv (vodka, cawv daws ntawm iodine lossis ci ntsuab).

Tshem tawm zuam nrog improvised txhais tau tias:

1. Muab cov xov nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib lub voj nyob ib ncig ntawm lub proboscis (ze rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij), nruj thiab maj mam rub nws tawm nrog swinging taw. Hloov cov xov, koj tuaj yeem siv cov ntsia hlau, ob qhov sib tw thiab lwm yam khoom tsim nyog.

2. Muab tus zuam tso rau hauv lub hnab yas, khi lub caj dab.

3. Kos npe rau daim ntawv lo rau lub pob (qhia hnub tim, lub sijhawm, qhov chaw kuaj pom, lub npe tag nrho ntawm tus neeg uas tus zuam raug tshem tawm, tiv tauj kom tau txais cov ntaub ntawv hais txog zuam kab mob).

Tshem tawm zuam nrog ib lub cuab yeej tshwj xeeb:

1. Siv tshuaj kho mob (manicure) tweezers lossis khoom siv (Tick Twister, Tick Nipper, Pro zuam tshuaj, Trix, Tricked off, lwm tus);

2. Muab cov zuam tso rau hauv ib lub thawv airtight (piv txwv li lub raj mis tshuaj);

3. Kos npe rau daim ntawv lo ntawm lub thawv (saib saum toj).

2. Nqa tus zuam mus rau qhov chaw kuaj pom zoo

Kev tshuaj xyuas yog ua dawb xwb, tab sis nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub meej cov ntaub ntawv no. Kev kawm PCR raws li npaj cov khoom siv kuaj mob AmpliSens TBEV (encephalitis, borreliosis, anaplasmosis, ehrlichiosis), distributor InterLabService LLC. Peb yuav tsum paub thaum twg cov txiaj ntsig yuav npaj tau. Feem ntau yog tib hnub lossis tag kis.

3. Pub ntshav los kuaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob

Tsis pub dhau 10 hnub tom qab tus zuam tom, raws li kev pom zoo ntawm tus kws kho mob, qee zaum yuav tsum pub ntshav txhawm rau kuaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob hauv tib neeg rau cov kab mob kis los ntawm zuam. Rau kev kuaj mob, qhov kev xeem "VektoVKE -IgG-strip" JSC "Vector-Best" yog siv. Lub sijhawm ntsuas: 2 teev 30 feeb.

4. Siv tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob raws li kws kho mob pom zoo

Raws li cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev tshawb fawb ntawm tus zuam los ntawm PCR thiab / lossis ntshav ntshav rau ELISA, raws li tus kws kho mob cov lus pom zoo, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tshwj xeeb yog ua tiav.

• Kev taw qhia ntawm tib neeg immunoglobulin tiv thaiv zuam-borne encephalitis yog them!

• Gamma globulin yog muab pub dawb rau qee pawg neeg pej xeem thiab raws li VHI txoj cai nyob rau hauv txoj haujlwm kho mob tic-borne encephalitis (nco ntsoov tiv tauj lub tsev kho mob tau teev tseg hauv daim ntawv cog lus hauv 4 hnub tom qab tom).

Lub sijhawm thaum muaj kev kho mob tshwj xeeb, lub sijhawm, qhov zaus ntawm kev tswj hwm ntawm globulin yuav tsum raug pom los ntawm tus kws kho mob tuaj koom. Qhov chaw nyob ntawm qhov chaw kho mob rau encephalitis yog qhia:

• hauv DMS cov cai;

• nyob rau hauv lub chav kuaj.

Kev tiv thaiv tom thiab lwm yam kev pom zoo

Qhov tshwm sim ntawm zuam tawm tsam ntawm ib tus neeg nyob ntawm:

• epidemiological kev noj qab nyob zoo ntawm thaj chaw ntawm chaw nyob;

• txoj hauj lwm txuam nrog nquag nyob hauv hav zoov, teb;

• qhov muaj feem yuav mus xyuas qhov chaw uas tsis zoo nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm zuam-borne kab mob.

Kev tiv thaiv ntawm qhov tshwm sim cuam tshuam nrog zuam tom yog nyob ntawm:

• txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv, tab sis qhov no yog kev tiv thaiv; thaum tus neeg muaj tus kab mob, nws yuav siv tsis tau;

• Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tshwj xeeb yog kev kho mob (kev tswj hwm ntawm immunoglobulin tsuas yog thaum muaj kab mob los yog xav tias muaj kab mob tom qab tom);

• kev tuav pov hwm kev noj qab haus huv los them rau kev kho mob;

• kev siv cov khaub ncaws tshwj xeeb thiab cov khoom siv los tiv thaiv cov zuam los ntawm lub cev;

• kev siv tshuaj tua kab mob, kev puas tsuaj ntawm zuam;

• txwv cov zuam hauv biotopes, qhov chaw uas tib neeg yuav muaj.

Cov lus pom zoo rau kev xaiv tshuaj tiv thaiv

Kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv txo qis kev pheej hmoo ntawm tus kab mob, nws tau qhia rau txhua tus neeg nyob hauv thaj chaw tsis zoo, thiab rau cov neeg muaj kev cuam tshuam nrog hav zoov (drillers, geologists, surveyors, foresters). Yog tias xav tau, txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv tuaj yeem muab rau txhua tus neeg uas xav tau nws, thaum tsis muaj contraindications.

Kev txhaj tshuaj thawj zaug yog ua tau los ntawm thawj xyoo ntawm tus menyuam lub neej, thiab tom qab ntawd thaum twg los tau. Cov neeg laus tuaj yeem txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv hauv tsev thiab txawv teb chaws, cov menyuam yaus zoo dua nrog cov tuaj txawv teb chaws. Hauv tebchaws Russia, rau qhov sib txawv ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv muaj los ntawm plaub lub tuam txhab los ntawm Russia, Lub Tebchaws Yelemees thiab Switzerland.

Tick-borne encephalitis cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsim nyob rau hauv Russia:

• Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis muaj zog yog qhia rau siv txij li peb xyoos thiab laus dua;

• Encevir (EnceVir), Russia, pom los ntawm hnub nyoog kaum yim thiab laus dua.

Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tic-borne encephalitis tsim nyob rau hauv Switzerland:

• FSME-Immun Junior (FSME-Immun Junior), qhia los ntawm ib xyoos mus rau kaum rau xyoo;

• FSM-Immun Inject (FSME-Immun Inject), cov lus qhia zoo sib xws.

Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tic-borne encephalitis tsim nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws Yelemees:

• Cov me nyuam Encepur, qhia los ntawm kaum ob lub hlis mus rau kaum ib xyoos;

• Tus neeg laus Encepur (Encepur laus), qhia txij li kaum ob xyoos thiab laus dua.

Ob txoj kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv: prophylactic thiab xwm txheej ceev:

• Kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv muab kev tiv thaiv cov zuam hauv thawj xyoo, thiab tom qab rov ua dua tshiab - hauv peb xyoos. Kev txhaj tshuaj rov ua dua txhua peb xyoos.

• Kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv thaum muaj xwm ceev muab kev tiv thaiv luv luv. Kev taw qhia - kev mus ncig sai rau thaj tsam tsis zoo rau kev mob encephalitis.

Kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv yog nqa tawm tom qab kev soj ntsuam ua ntej ntawm tus neeg mob rau kev tsis haum tshuaj, kev kuaj mob, ntsuas kub. Cov neeg muaj teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv tsis raug tso cai txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv. Muaj contraindications thiab kev txwv.

Hauv tebchaws Russia, "Human Immunoglobulin Tawm tsam Tick-Borne Encephalitis", tsim los ntawm FSUE NPO "Microgen", yog tsim. Cov tshuaj muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv npaj ua rau tus kab mob encephalitis. Nws yog siv intramuscularly rau lub hom phiaj ntawm kev kho mob, feem ntau tom qab kis kab mob los yog muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev kis kab mob. Cov koob tshuaj thiab zaus ntawm kev tswj hwm tuaj yeem tau txais los ntawm koj tus kws kho mob.

Cov lus pom zoo rau kev pov hwm ntawm cov nqi cuam tshuam nrog kev kho mob ntawm zuam-borne encephalitis

Nws raug nquahu kom pom zoo rau kev pov hwm raws li qhov ntxiv rau kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv lossis tsuas yog kev ntsuas thaum tsis muaj peev xwm txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv. Kev pov hwm tiv thaiv tus kab mob tic-borne encephalitis yog ua raws li ib feem ntawm VHI - daim ntawv pov hwm kho mob yeem. Cov nyiaj them yog npaj los them rau cov nqi kho mob ntawm zuam-borne encephalitis thiab lwm yam kab mob zoo sib xws. Thaum xaiv ib qho kev tuav pov hwm thiab lub tuam txhab pov hwm, koj yuav tsum tau xyuam xim rau:

• muaj cov ntawv tso cai rau kev ua tiav ntawm VHI los ntawm cov ntawv pov hwm;

• tus nqi ntawm VHI cov kev pabcuam thiab lub koob npe nrov ntawm cov ntawv pov hwm;

• muaj cov ntaub ntawv rau txoj cai los muab kev kho mob thiab kev tiv thaiv kev kho mob los yog kev pom zoo nrog ib tug neeg tau txais kev tso cai los muab kev pab no sawv cev ntawm lub insured;

• Muaj XNUMX-teev xov tooj dawb rau cov lus qhia xwm txheej ceev.

Lub tswv yim tiv thaiv zuam tawm tsam

Mus rau tom hav zoov lossis tawm hauv nroog, xaiv cov khaub ncaws zoo hauv cov xim zoo nkauj:

• anti-encephalitis ce;

• lub tsho (lub tsho) nrog lub tes tsho ntev thiab cuffs thiab trousers tucked rau hauv thom khwm;

• ib lub hood uas haum snugly rau lub taub hau thiab tiv thaiv lub caj dab.

Txhua teev koj yuav tsum tau tshuaj xyuas cov khaub ncaws hauv qab mus rau zuam. Nws raug nquahu kom kuaj xyuas lub cev txhua ob xuab moos, feem ntau ntawm cov caj npab, caj dab, puab tais, hauv siab thiab lub taub hau. Nws yog tsim nyog zam los yog txo qis nyob rau hauv siab nyom ntawm ntug hav zoov, raws txoj kev.

Ntau yam khoom siv yog muag los tiv thaiv cov zuam los ntawm lub cev hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab-impregnated yoov tshaj cum, khau tshwj xeeb, khaub ncaws, thiab lwm yam.

Acaricides (tua cov zuam) - tsuas muaj kev sib cuag. Lawv yuav tsum tau siv tshwj xeeb rau kev ua cov ntaub ntawm outerwear thiab anti-mite kev kho mob ntawm thaj chaw thiab thaj chaw!

Ntawm kev muag khoom koj tuaj yeem nrhiav acaricides pom zoo rau daim ntawv thov rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Tab sis lawv yuav tsum tau siv kom zoo - kev ua xua, tshuaj lom yog ua tau.

Cov lus pom zoo rau kev rhuav tshem cov zuam hauv biotopes thiab qhov chaw uas tib neeg yuav muaj

Txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev kis tus zuam, koj yuav tsum tsis tu ncua:

• mow cov nyom ntawm qhov chaw (cov zuam saib xyuas tus neeg raug tsim txom hauv cov nyom, feem ntau ntawm qhov siab ntawm 0,6 m, qhov siab tshaj plaws yog 1,5 meters; nyob rau hauv lub xeev tshaib plab, zuam nyob ntawm ob mus rau plaub xyoos, raws li qee qhov qhov chaw mus txog xya xyoo; kev loj hlob ntawm qe mus rau cov neeg laus - imago yuav siv sij hawm ob mus rau peb xyoos lossis ntau dua);

• ntxuav cov nroj tsuag, tshem tawm cov nplooj poob (mites poob lawv tus kheej noo noo nyob rau hauv lub hnub, thiab rov qab sib npaug ntawm cov chaw ntub dej);

• rhuav tshem cov nas me - zuam hosts (kev ncig ntawm cov kab mob hauv cov tsiaj qus - lub hom phiaj ntawm kev kis kab mob);

• los kho qhov chaw ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov zuam (cov zuam ntawm thaj chaw nruab nrab txav hauv 5-10 meters, sab qab teb - txog 100 meters, taw qhia lawv tus kheej nrog kev pab los ntawm receptors, mloog zoo rau txoj kev, hav zoov ntug - nyob rau hauv qhov chaw muaj kev sib cuag nrog. tus neeg raug tsim txom).

Kev kho kab mob los tiv thaiv kab mob raws li kev paub txog mite biology zoo thaum ua txhua xyoo. Nyob rau hauv ntau lub cheeb tsam muaj cov koom haum uas nqa tawm desacarization, deratization, tshuaj tua kab, siv cov cuab yeej rau mowing nyom, tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob.