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Dub rhinoceros (Chroogomphus rutilus)
- Kev faib tawm: Basidiomycota (Basidiomycetes)
- Subdivision: Agaricomycotina (Agaricomycetes)
- Chav Kawm: Agaricomycetes (Agaricomycetes)
- Qib: Agaricomycetidae (Agaricomycetes)
- Kev txiav txim: Boletales (Boletales)
- Tsev Neeg: Gomphidiaceae (Gomphidiaceae los yog Mokrukhovye)
- Hom: Chroogomphus (Chroogomphus)
- hom: Chroogomphus rutilus (Canada)
- Mokruha Pine
- Lub mucous
- Mokruha ci ntsa iab
- Ntshav liab
- Mokruha daj-legged
- Gomphidius viscidus
- Gompidius liab
Taub hau: 2-12 cm nyob rau hauv lub cheeb, nyob rau hauv cov hluas puag ncig, convex, feem ntau nrog ib tug ntshiab blunt tubercle nyob rau hauv nruab nrab. Nrog kev loj hlob, nws straightens, yuav luag tiaj tus thiab txawm nrog ib tug tsa ceg, lub hauv paus tubercle, raws li txoj cai, tseem, txawm hais tias tsawg dua. Lub kaus mom ntawm daim tawv nqaij yog du thiab sib txawv ntawm cov xim daj mus rau txiv kab ntxwv, tooj liab, liab doog, purplish liab los yog reddish xim av, feem ntau tsaus nti thaum nws loj tuaj. Qhov saum npoo ntawm lub hau yog slimy thaum muaj hnub nyoog hluas, nyob rau hauv cov huab cua ntub nws yog ntub thiab slimy nyob rau hauv cov neeg laus nceb. Tab sis tsis txhob xav tias "mokruha" yog ib txwm ntub. Nyob rau hauv huab cua qhuav los yog ob peb teev tom qab sau qoob, lub kaus mom qhuav tawm, ua kom qhuav, ci los yog silky, qab ntxiag rau qhov kov.
daim hlau: muaj zog descending, sparse, dav, qee zaum branching, nrog ob peb nplooj. Yooj yim sib cais los ntawm lub kaus mom. Nyob rau hauv ib tug hluas liab doog mokruha, daim hlau yog tag them nrog ib tug translucent mucous coverlet ntawm ib tug lilac-xim av xim. Cov xim ntawm daim hlau yog thawj xim daj ntseg, tom qab ntawd dhau los ua greyish-cinnamon, thiab thaum cov spores paub tab, lawv dhau los ua xim av, xim av-dub.
Mokruha ntshav, zoo li ntau lwm hom, feem ntau cuam tshuam los ntawm hypomyces, thiab tom qab ntawd nws cov phiaj siv rau daim ntawv no.
ceg: 3,5-12 cm ntev (txog 18), mus txog 2,5 cm dav. Central, cylindrical, ntau dua los yog tsawg sib xws, tapering ntawm lub hauv paus. Nws yog feem ntau twisted.
Ntawm txhais ceg, "annular cheeb tsam" yog yuav luag ib txwm pom tseeb - ib tug kab los ntawm lub cev qhuav dej - mucous bedspread. Qhov no tsis yog "ntiv nplhaib" lossis "daim tiab", qhov no yog ib txoj kab qias neeg, feem ntau nco txog cov seem ntawm lub cobweb npog, xws li cobwebs muaj. Cov xim ntawm cov qia saum toj ntawm thaj tsam annular yog lub teeb, los ntawm yellowish mus rau daj ntseg txiv kab ntxwv, nto yog du. Hauv qab thaj tsam annular, qia, raws li txoj cai, me ntsis tab sis sharply widens, xim yog pom tau tias tsaus nti, txuam lub kaus mom, tej zaum kuj pom meej pom sparse txiv kab ntxwv los yog reddish scale fibers.
Pulp: Pinkish nyob rau hauv lub hau, fibrous nyob rau hauv lub qia, nrog ib tug liab doog tint, yellowish nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm qia.
Thaum rhuab (piv txwv li, thaum boiled), thiab qee zaum tsuas yog tom qab soaking, lub pulp ntawm cov ntshav mokruha tau txais ib qho xim tsis nco qab "liab" xim.
Cov wormholes qub tuaj yeem sawv tawm tsam cov nqaij liab-daj.
Ntsim thiab saj: Mos, tsis muaj nta.
Mokrukha ntshav cov ntaub ntawv mycorrhiza nrog cov ntoo coniferous, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog pines, tsawg dua nrog larch thiab cedar. Muaj cov ntaub ntawv hais tias nws tuaj yeem loj hlob yam tsis muaj conifers, nrog birch. Raws li qee cov lus ceeb toom, Chroogomphus rutilus parasitizes ntawm fungi ntawm genus Suillus (Oiler) - thiab qhov no piav qhia vim li cas mokruha loj hlob qhov twg butterflies loj hlob.
Mokruha ntshav loj hlob los ntawm thaum ntxov Lub Yim Hli mus txog rau lub Cuaj Hli Ntuj hauv cov ntoo thuv hav zoov thiab hauv hav zoov nrog kev sib xyaw ntawm ntoo thuv. Nws tuaj yeem loj hlob ob qho tib si hauv hav zoov qub thiab cov tub ntxhais hluas cog, ntawm ob sab ntawm txoj kev hav zoov thiab cov npoo. Feem ntau nyob ib sab ntawm ib lub tais butter zoo tib yam. Muaj tshwm sim ib leeg lossis hauv pawg me.
Nthuav qhov tseeb:
Mokruha ntshav - ib hom muaj nyob hauv Europe thiab Asia.
Nyob rau hauv North America, lwm hom loj hlob, outwardly yuav luag indistinguishable los ntawm Chroogomphus rutilus. Qhov no yog Chroogomphus ochraceus, qhov sib txawv tau lees paub los ntawm kev kuaj DNA (Orson Miller, 2003, 2006). Yog li, Chroogomphus rutilus nyob rau hauv kev nkag siab ntawm North American sau ntawv yog ib tug synonym rau Chroogomphus ochraceus.
Thaum lub hnub nyoog muaj kev hwm, nrog rau huab cua ntub, txhua tus mokruhas zoo ib yam.
Spruce mokruha (Gomphidius glutinosus)
Nws loj hlob, raws li lub npe implies, nrog spruce, nws yog txawv los ntawm ib tug xiav xim ntawm lub kaus mom thiab lub teeb, dawb ceg. Hauv qab ntawm txhais ceg yog pom pom daj, hauv qhov txiav, cov nqaij hauv qab ntawm ceg yog daj, txawm nyob rau hauv cov nceb loj..
Mokruha liab (Gomphidius roseus)
Tsis tshua pom kev. Nws tau yooj yim txawv ntawm Chroogomphus rutilus los ntawm nws lub kaus mom paj yeeb thiab sib dua, cov phaj dawb, uas dhau los ua greyish, tshauv-grey nrog lub hnub nyoog, thaum Mokruha ntshav muaj lub suab xim av ntawm daim hlau.
Ib txwm noj nceb. Pre-boiling yog tsim nyog, tom qab uas liab mokruha yuav kib los yog pickled. Nws raug nquahu kom tshem tawm cov tawv nqaij ntawm lub hau.
Cov duab siv nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm thiab nyob rau hauv lub gallery: Alexander Kozlovskikh thiab los ntawm cov lus nug nyob rau hauv kev paub.