Ntau tus ntseeg tias txhua yam ntawm cov champignons tshwj xeeb yog cov nceb cog qoob loo, thiab koj yuav tsis pom lawv hauv hav zoov. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no yog qhov kev xav tsis zoo: kuj tseem muaj hom champignons uas tsis tuaj yeem cog thiab loj hlob tshwj xeeb hauv cov qus. Tshwj xeeb, lawv suav nrog coppice, sh. yellow, wb. redd thiab w. paj yeeb yas.
Tsis zoo li chanterelles thiab russula, champignons loj hlob feem ntau hauv hav zoov sib xyaw nrog spruce. Nyob rau lub sij hawm no, lawv tsis tshua muaj sau vim tsis paub ntawm hom thiab vim hais tias ntawm qhov zoo sib xws nrog cov kab mob tua kab mob agaric thiab daj ntseg grebes. Muaj ib qho cuab yeej ntawm champignons - lawv thawj zaug muaj pinkish los yog daj-xim av, thiab tom qab ntawd xim av thiab tsaus daim hlau. Yuav tsum muaj lub nplhaib ntawm ceg. Txawm li cas los xij, tus yau tshaj plaws champignons muaj yuav luag dawb daim hlau thiab nyob rau lub sij hawm no lawv tuaj yeem tsis meej pem nrog cov yoov yaig agaric. Yog li ntawd, nws tsis pom zoo kom sau hav zoov hom champignons rau novice nceb pickers.
Koj yuav kawm txog dab tsi nrov ntau yam ntawm champignon nceb loj hlob hauv hav zoov zoo li ntawm nplooj ntawv no.
Ntoo champignon
Qhov chaw ntawm tsob ntoo nceb (Agaricus sylvicola): deciduous thiab coniferous hav zoov, nyob rau hauv av, loj hlob nyob rau hauv pawg los yog singly.
Lub caij: June-September.
Lub hau muaj ib txoj kab uas hla ntawm 4-10 cm, thaum xub thawj kheej kheej los yog ovoid, du, silky, ces qhib-convex. Cov xim ntawm lub kaus mom yog dawb los yog dawb-grey. Thaum nias, lub hau tau txais cov xim daj-txiv kab ntxwv.
Cov ceg muaj qhov siab ntawm 5-9 cm, nws yog nyias, 0,81,5 cm tuab, hollow, cylindrical, me ntsis nthuav ntawm lub hauv paus.
Saib ntawm daim duab - hom champignon ntawm ceg no muaj lub nplhaib dawb pom meej nrog cov xim daj, uas tuaj yeem dai qis, yuav luag rau hauv av:
Cov xim ntawm ob txhais ceg yog heterogeneous, nws yog reddish on to top, ces dawb.
Lub pulp yog nyias, ntom, dawb los yog creamy, muaj aniseed tsw thiab hazelnut saj.
Cov nplooj yog nquag, nyias, xoob, thaum siav, hloov xim los ntawm lub teeb liab mus rau lub teeb liab doog thiab tom qab ntawd mus rau tsaus xim av.
Poisonous zoo sib xws. Raws li cov lus piav qhia, hom champignons hav zoov no zoo ib yam li cov tshuaj lom neeg tuag taus daj ntseg (Amanita phalloides), uas cov phiaj yog dawb thiab nws yeej tsis hloov xim, thaum nyob rau hauv champignons lawv darken; thiab lawv muaj thickening ntawm lub hauv paus thiab volva, lawv tsis hloov xim thaum so, tab sis nyob rau hauv champignons lub cev nqaij daim tawv yuav hloov xim.
Edible, 2th qeb.
Txoj kev ua noj: kua zaub yog boiled, kib, marinated, sauces yog ua, salted, khov.
Champignon yellows tawv
Yellow-skinned mushroom (Agaricus xanthodermus) nyob hauv: ntawm cov nyom, ntawm cov av nplua nuj humus, hauv lub vaj, chaw ua si, pastures, ze cov tsev.
Lub caij: Tsib Hlis-Lub Kaum Hli.
Lub hau yog 6-15 cm nyob rau hauv lub cheeb, thaum xub thawj spherical nrog npoo tig rau sab hauv, tom qab ca-puab puag ncig thiab ces procumbent, feem ntau nrog ib tug convex center, silky los yog finely scaly. Cov xim ntawm lub kaus mom yog dawb thaum xub thawj, tom qab yellowish nrog brownish los yog greyish-xim av me ntsis. Cov npoo feem ntau muaj qhov seem ntawm daim ntaub thaiv ntiag tug.
Cov ceg ntawm no hom champignon nceb yog 5-9 cm siab, 0,7-2 cm tuab, du, ncaj, txawm los yog me ntsis nthuav ntawm lub hauv paus, ntawm tib xim raws li lub hau. Nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm txhais ceg yog ib tug dav ob lub nplhaib dawb. Qhov qis ntawm lub nplhaib muaj nplai.
Pulp. Ib qho tshwj xeeb ntawm hom hav zoov no yog cov nqaij dawb uas muaj xim daj ntawm qhov txiav thiab tsis hnov tsw ntawm carbolic acid los yog number case, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum siav. Cov ntxhiab no feem ntau hu ua "pharmacy" lossis "tsev kho mob".
Cov phaj yog dawb los yog liab-grey thaum xub thawj, ces xim kas fes nrog mis nyuj, nquag, dawb. Thaum tag nrho ripe, daim hlau tau ib qho xim av tsaus nti nrog ib tug liab doog tint.
Hom zoo sib xws. Hom no yog dovit, yog li nws tseem ceeb heev kom paub qhov txawv ntawm cov hom zoo sib xws. Cov champignons zoo li noj tau champignons (Agaricus campester), uas, nrog rau tag nrho lwm cov yam ntxwv zoo sib xws ntawm cov xim ntawm lub hau, cov duab ntawm cov qia thiab daim hlau, yog qhov txawv ntawm qhov tsis muaj "khoom muag" tsis hnov tsw lossis tsis hnov tsw ntawm carbolic acid. Tsis tas li ntawd, nyob rau hauv cov champignon ntau, lub pulp ntawm qhov txiav maj mam tig liab, thiab nyob rau hauv cov tawv nqaij daj, nws intensively tig daj.
Cov duab no qhia tias cov tawv nqaij daj daj zoo li cas:
Champignon liab
Habitats ntawm nceb liab (Agaricus semotus, f. concinna): sib xyaw hav zoov, hauv chaw ua si, meadows.
Lub caij: Lub Xya Hli-Lub Cuaj Hli.
Lub hau yog 4-10 cm nyob rau hauv lub cheeb, nyob rau hauv thawj spherical, tom qab convex thiab prostrate. Ib tug txawv feature ntawm hom yog lub kaus mom dawb nrog ib tug liab los yog xim av nruab nrab.
Leg 5-10 cm siab, 7-15 mm tuab, dawb, npog nrog lub teeb flakes, thickened ntawm lub hauv paus, creamy liab los yog reddish ntawm lub hauv paus, muaj ib lub nplhaib dawb ntawm ceg. Pulp. Ib qho tshwj xeeb ntawm hom yog dawb, ntom ntom ntom nrog cov ntxhiab tsw ntawm almonds, maj mam tig liab ntawm qhov txiav.
Raws li koj tuaj yeem pom hauv daim duab, hom champignon no muaj cov phiaj xwm ntau zaus, lawv cov xim hloov ntawm daj ntseg liab mus rau xim av nrog cov ntshav tint thaum lawv loj tuaj:
Hom zoo sib xws. Reddish champignon zoo li ib qho khoom noj dawb lossis meadow umbrella nceb (Macrolepiota excoriate), uas kuj muaj xim liab-xim av nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub hau, tab sis nws nyob rau ntawm tubercle thiab tsis muaj reddening ntawm qia.
Cov kab mob lom sib xws. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ceev faj tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum sau cov khoom noj uas tau txais txiaj ntsig ntawm champignon, vim lawv tuaj yeem tsis meej pem nrog cov kab mob uas muaj kab mob daj daj daj (Amanita gemmata), uas tseem muaj lub nplhaib dawb ntawm lub qia, tab sis cov phiaj yog dawb huv thiab. muaj o ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm qia (Volva ).
Edible, 4th qeb.
Txoj kev ua noj: kib, marinated.
Paj yeeb champignon
Qhov chaw ntawm liab champignons (Agaricus rusiophyllus): cov hav zoov sib xyaw, hauv cov tiaj ua si, meadows, lub vaj, nyob ze cov tsev.
Lub caij: Lub Xya Hli-Lub Kaum Hli.
Lub hau yog 4-8 cm nyob rau hauv lub cheeb, thaum xub thawj spherical nrog incurved npoo, tom qab tswb-puab, silky los yog finely scaly. Ib qho tshwj xeeb ntawm hom yog thawj zaug dawb, tom qab ib lub kaus mom dawb-xim av nrog lub paj yeeb thiab paj yeeb. Cov npoo feem ntau muaj qhov seem ntawm ib lub txaj pw.
ceg 2-7 cm siab, 4-9 mm tuab, du, hollow, nrog lub nplhaib dawb. Cov nqaij yog dawb thaum xub thawj, tom qab yellowish. Cov phaj yog nquag thaum xub thawj. Qhov thib ob txawv feature ntawm hom yog thawj liab, tom qab reddish daim hlau, txawm tom qab nrog ib tug liab doog tint.
Hom zoo sib xws. Graceful hav zoov champignon zoo ib yam li edible champignon (Agaricus campester), nyob rau hauv uas lub cev nqaij daim tawv maj mam tig liab nyob rau hauv lub txiav thiab tsis muaj xim liab ntawm daim hlau nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam mos.
Cov kab mob lom sib xws. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ceev faj tshwj xeeb thaum khaws cov champignons zoo nkauj, vim tias lawv tuaj yeem tsis meej pem nrog cov tshuaj lom neeg tuag taus (Amanita phalloides), uas cov phiaj yog dawb huv, thiab hauv cov nceb loj hlob lawv tig daj, muaj qhov o ntawm cov nplooj. puag ntawm ceg (Volva).
Edible, 4th qeb.
Cov duab no qhia txog hom champignons, cov lus piav qhia uas tau nthuav tawm saum toj no:
