Tsis muaj zog, tsis qab los noj mov, mob ib sab: 7 cov tsos mob ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav tsis pom

Oncologist, hematologist, radiation therapist ntawm lub siab tshaj plaws qeb, kws kho mob ntawm sciences, xib fwb, tus kws kho mob zoo heev ntawm Lavxias teb sab Federation, lub taub hau ntawm lub SM-Clinic Cancer Center Alexander Seryakov qhia dab tsi koj yuav tsum paub txog mob qog noj ntshav nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav txheeb xyuas thiab kho nws raws sijhawm.

1. Nkag siab txog hom mob qog noj ntshav siab

Oncologists paub qhov txawv ntawm thawj thiab theem nrab hom mob qog noj ntshav.

• Thawj nplooj siab mob cancer - ib tug malignant neoplasm loj hlob los ntawm hepatocytes (cells uas ua 80% ntawm tag nrho cov loj ntawm lub siab). Feem ntau hom mob qog noj ntshav yog mob qog nqaij hlav hepatocellular, uas suav txog li 600 tus neeg mob txhua xyoo.

• Secondary mob qog noj ntshav - metastases ntawm malignant qog ntawm lwm yam kabmob (plab hnyuv, prostate, ntsws, mis thiab lwm yam) rau daim siab. Hom mob qog noj ntshav no tshwm sim li 20 npaug ntau dua li thawj zaug. 

2. Nkag siab txog koj cov kev pheej hmoo

Kev nkag siab txog cov xwm txheej tseem ceeb yog qhov tseem ceeb kom mus ntsib koj tus kws kho mob tsis tu ncua yog tias koj xav tau. Cov laj thawj uas ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsim mob qog noj ntshav muaj xws li:

• kis kab mob siab B thiab C;

• cirrhosis ntawm daim siab;

• qee cov kab mob hauv lub siab, xws li hemochromatosis (ua tsis taus hlau metabolism nrog nws cov tsub zuj zuj hauv cov kabmob thiab cov ntaub so ntswg) thiab Wilson tus kab mob (kev puas tsuaj tooj liab metabolism nrog nws cov tsub zuj zuj hauv cov kabmob thiab cov ntaub so ntswg);

• ntshav qab zib;

• tsis-alcoholic fatty siab kab mob;

• haus cawv ntau dhau;

• kab mob parasitic ntawm daim siab;

• ntev siv cov tshuaj anabolic steroids. 

3. Ceev faj txog cov tsos mob

Cov neeg feem coob tsis muaj cov tsos mob tshwj xeeb thaum ntxov. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum lawv tshwm sim, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau xyuam xim rau:

• o los yog bloating ntawm lub plab;

• mob mob nyob rau sab xis;

• tsis qab los noj mov;

• lub plab zom mov;

• poob phaus tsis muaj laj thawj;

• xeev siab thiab ntuav;

• atypical qaug zog, qaug zog, dav dav malaise.

Nrog rau kev mob qog noj ntshav siab, jaundice, tus cwj pwm los ntawm yellowness ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab dawb ntawm lub qhov muag, thiab cov quav dawb (chalky) koom nrog cov tsos mob.

4. Tsis txhob ntshai mus ntsib kws kho mob

diagnostics

Yog tias koj pom koj tus kheej tsis xis nyob, paub meej txog koj qhov kev pheej hmoo, lossis pom cov tsos mob uas txhawj xeeb, nws tseem ceeb heev kom mus ntsib kws kho mob sai li sai tau. Kev kuaj mob qog nqaij hlav hauv lub siab yog ua raws li kev sib koom ua ke uas suav nrog:

• kev kuaj mob (nrog palpation, tus kws kho mob feem ntau tuaj yeem kuaj xyuas lub siab loj);

• kuaj ntshav rau oncomarker ntawm thawj daim siab mob cancer AFP (alpha-fetoprotein);

• kuaj ultrasound (ultrasound);

• xam tomography (CT lossis PET / CT);

• magnetic resonance imaging (MRI);

• puncture (percutaneous) biopsy tom qab kuaj histological.

Kev kho mob

Nyob ntawm seb thaum kuaj mob qog noj ntshav siab npaum li cas, kev phais thiab tshuaj kho yuav xav tau.

• Kev tshem tawm ntawm cov qog lossis metastases hauv cov qog nqaij hlav thib ob yog kev kho mob tseem ceeb.

• Chemo- (nrog rau lub hom phiaj) kev kho mob tuaj yeem siv ntxiv.

• Chemoembolization ntawm lub siab (kev thaiv cov hlab ntsha uas pub cov qog) thiab cryodestruction (kev puas tsuaj ntawm metastases siv qhov kub thiab txias), radiofrequency thiab microwave ablation, radionuclide therapy yog lwm txoj kev uas siv los kho mob qog noj ntshav.

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev kom nkag siab tias mob qog noj ntshav, ob qho tib si thawj thiab theem nrab, tau kho tau zoo. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog ua tib zoo mloog lub tswb nrov thiab tam sim ntawd mus rau qhov chaw txais tos.