Lub hlwb raug cais tawm ntawm lwm lub cev los ntawm cov ntshav-hlwb barrier. Yuav ua li cas cov kab mob hla cov ntshav-hlwb thaiv kom nkag mus rau hauv nruab nrab lub paj hlwb? Cov hlab ntsha hauv hlwb ua haujlwm li cas?

Cov ntshav-hlwb barrier yog ib qho kev xaiv nyuaj uas nws lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb yog cais lub hauv paus paj hlwb (CNS) los ntawm cov hlab ntsha. Nws cov txheej txheem ua rau nws muaj peev xwm los tswj kev sib pauv ntawm cov ntshav thiab lub paj hlwb. Cov ntshav-hlwb barrier yog li ntawd cais lub hlwb los ntawm tus so ntawm lub cev thiab muab nws nrog ib tug tshwj xeeb ib puag ncig, txawv los ntawm lub internal ib puag ncig ntawm tus so ntawm lub cev.

Cov hlab ntsha-hlwb barrier muaj cov khoom tshwj xeeb lim dej uas tso cai rau nws los tiv thaiv cov tshuaj lom neeg txawv teb chaws los ntawm kev nkag mus rau lub hlwb thiab tus txha caj qaum.

Qhov no hemoencephalic barrier, ua tsaug rau nws cov kev xaiv heev lim, tuaj yeem tso cai rau kev tso dej, qee yam roj thiab liposoluble molecules los ntawm kev tsis sib haum xeeb, nrog rau kev xaiv thauj khoom ntawm cov khoom xws li piam thaj thiab amino acids uas ua lub luag haujlwm. Qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev ua haujlwm neuronal thiab tiv thaiv kev nkag mus ntawm lipophilic neurotoxins, los ntawm kev ua haujlwm glycoprotein-mediated thauj mechanism.

Astrocytes (pab tswj cov tshuaj lom neeg thiab hluav taws xob ib puag ncig los ntawm kev muab cov khoom noj tsim nyog rau lub hlwb thiab tshem tawm lawv cov khoom pov tseg) yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim qhov teeb meem no.

Cov ntshav-hlwb barrier tiv thaiv lub hlwb tiv thaiv co toxins thiab messengers uas circulate nyob rau hauv cov ntshav.

Ntxiv mus, lub luag hauj lwm no yog ob-edged, vim hais tias nws kuj tiv thaiv kev nkag ntawm molecules rau kev kho mob lub hom phiaj.

Qee cov kab mob tseem tuaj yeem hla qhov thaiv no los ntawm cov ntshav lossis los ntawm "retrograde axonal" thauj. Cov kab mob ntawm cov ntshav-hlwb barrier yog tshwm sim los ntawm cov kab mob sib txawv.

Neurodegenerative kab mob

Vim nws txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tswj hwm cerebral homeostasis, cov ntshav-hlwb teeb meem kuj tuaj yeem yog qhov pib ntawm qee yam kab mob neurological xws li cov kab mob neurodegenerative thiab mob hlwb xws li Alzheimer's disease (AD) tab sis uas tseem tsawg heev. .

Mob ntshav qab zib mellitus

Lwm yam kab mob, xws li mob ntshav qab zib mellitus, kuj muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau kev saib xyuas cov ntshav-hlwb barrier.

Lwm yam pathologies

Lwm yam pathologies, ntawm qhov tod tes, cuam tshuam nrog kev ua haujlwm ntawm endothelium los ntawm sab hauv, uas yog, tag nrho cov ntshav-hlwb barrier raug puas tsuaj los ntawm kev ua los ntawm extracellular matrix.

Nyob rau hauv sib piv, ib tug xov tooj ntawm cov kab mob ntawm lub paj hlwb yog manifested los ntawm qhov tseeb hais tias tej yam kab mob muaj peev xwm hla cov ntshav-hlwb barrier ua rau lub paj hlwb kab mob uas ua rau cov kab mob loj heev nrog rau cov neeg tuag siab los yog nyob rau hauv cov ciaj sia ntawm cov hlab ntsha loj heev sequelae. Cov no suav nrog, piv txwv li, ntau yam kab mob pathogenic microorganisms, kab mob, fungi, HI virus, human T-lymphotropic virus 1, West Nile virus thiab kab mob, xws li Neisseria meningitidis lossis Vibrio cholerae.

Hauv ntau tus kab mob sclerosis, "cov kab mob" yog cov hlwb ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob uas hla cov hlab ntsha-hlwb barrier.

Metastatic hlwb ua tiav hla cov ntshav-hlwb teeb meem hauv qee cov qog nqaij hlav uas tsis yog hlwb thiab tuaj yeem ua rau metastases hauv hlwb (glioblastoma).

Kev tswj xyuas kev kho mob rau lub hlwb los ntawm kev hla cov hlab ntsha-hlwb thaiv yog ib qho kev taug kev tiag tiag vim nws tseem tiv thaiv kev nkag mus rau cov tshuaj, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov uas muaj cov qauv molecular loj, mus rau thaj chaw uas yuav tsum tau kho.

Qee cov tshuaj xws li Temozolomide, siv los tua glioblastoma muaj cov tshuaj lom neeg thiab lub cev muaj zog uas tso cai rau nws hla qhov thaiv thiab ncav cuag cov qog.

Ib qho ntawm qhov muaj peev xwm tshawb nrhiav hauv kev sim txhawm rau tshem tawm qhov teeb meem no yog siv cov tswv yim uas tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv cov ntshav-hlwb teeb meem.

Cov ntshav-hlwb barrier yog ib qho teeb meem tseem ceeb rau kev kho mob, tab sis kev tshawb fawb tab tom pib.

Thawj qhov sib piv cov khoom tsim los rau MRI yog gadolinium (Gd) thiab tom qab ntawd Gd-DTPA77, uas ua rau nws muaj peev xwm tau txais MRIs siab dua rau kev kuaj mob hauv zos ntawm cov hlab ntsha-hlwb barrier. Gd-DTPA molecule yog impermeable heev los hla kev noj qab haus huv cov ntshav-hlwb barrier.

Lwm yam imaging mechanisms

Kev siv "single-photon emission tomography" lossis "positron emission tomography".

Cov teeb meem hauv cov hlab ntsha hauv cov hlab ntsha tuaj yeem raug soj ntsuam los ntawm kev sib txawv ntawm cov xov xwm sib txawv uas tsim nyog siv suav tomography.