txheem
- Yam koj yuav tsum paub txog ntshav qab zib: daim ntawv txheeb xyuas los ntawm tus kws endocrinologist
- Ntshav qab zib yog dab tsi thiab nws txaus ntshai li cas? Qhov txawv ntawm 2 hom kab mob tseem ceeb yog dab tsi?
- Vim li cas kev rog rog thiab ntshav qab zib muaj feem xyuam nrog cov kab mob? Ib tug cuam tshuam rau lwm tus li cas?
- Thaum twg txhaj tshuaj insulin tsim nyog, thiab thaum twg lawv tuaj yeem zam tau?
- Mob ntshav qab zib hom twg tsuas yog cov poj niam ntsib?
- Leej twg muaj kev pheej hmoo? Yam dab tsi tuaj yeem ua rau muaj qhov pib mob ntshav qab zib?
- Koj yuav tsum tau kuaj dab tsi yog tias koj xav tias ntshav qab zib mellitus?
- Yuav ua li cas yog tias tus kws kho mob tau lees paub qhov kev kuaj mob?
- Puas muaj kev kho mob tshiab rau ntshav qab zib?
Yam koj yuav tsum paub txog ntshav qab zib: daim ntawv txheeb xyuas los ntawm tus kws endocrinologist
Kev txhim kho los ntawm Canadian physiologist Frederick Bunting tau hloov ntshav qab zib los ntawm tus kab mob tuag rau hauv kev tswj tsis tau.
Hauv xyoo 1922, Banting tau muab nws thawj zaug txhaj tshuaj insulin rau tus menyuam mob ntshav qab zib thiab cawm nws txoj sia. Yuav luag ib puas xyoo dhau los txij thaum ntawd los, thiab cov kws tshawb fawb tau ua tiav qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev nkag siab txog tus kab mob no.
Niaj hnub no, cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib - thiab muaj ze li ntawm 70 lab ntawm lawv nyob hauv lub ntiaj teb, raws li WHO, - tuaj yeem ua neej nyob ntev thiab nquag, muab cov lus pom zoo kho mob ua raws.
Tab sis ntshav qab zib tseem kho tsis tau, thiab tsis tas li ntawd, tus kab mob tau tsis tu ncua tsis ntev los no. Nrog kev pab los ntawm ib tus kws tshaj lij, peb tau sau phau ntawv qhia ntshav qab zib rau Healthy Food Near Me nyeem, sau cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb uas txhua tus yuav tsum paub, vim tias peb feem ntau muaj kev pheej hmoo.
Clinical tsev kho mob "Avicenna", Novosibirsk
Ntshav qab zib yog dab tsi thiab nws txaus ntshai li cas? Qhov txawv ntawm 2 hom kab mob tseem ceeb yog dab tsi?
Mob ntshav qab zib mellitus (DM) yog ib pawg ntawm cov kab mob uas tshwm sim los ntawm kev nce ntxiv hauv cov piam thaj (feem ntau hu ua suab thaj) hauv cov ntshav. Nws tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj thiab ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm ntau yam kabmob - qhov muag, ob lub raum, cov hlab ntsha, lub plawv thiab cov hlab ntsha.
Hom 2 mob ntshav qab zib mellitus feem ntau yog 90% ntawm tag nrho cov mob uas tau kuaj pom tus kab mob.
Nyob rau hauv lub classic version, hom ntshav qab zib no tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov neeg laus rog rog nrog concomitant cardiovascular kab mob. Tab sis tsis ntev los no, cov kws kho mob endocrinologist thoob plaws ntiaj teb tau soj ntsuam qhov nyiam "rejuvenate" qhov teeb meem no.
Hom 1 mob ntshav qab zib mellitus feem ntau tshwm sim hauv cov menyuam yaus lossis cov hluas thiab muaj qhov tshwm sim ntawm tus kab mob, feem ntau yuav tsum tau mus pw hauv tsev kho mob.
Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm thawj thiab thib ob hom ntshav qab zib yog qhov muaj lossis tsis muaj nws tus kheej insulin. Insulin yog ib yam tshuaj uas tsim los ntawm cov txiav ua rau cov ntshav qab zib nce ntxiv.
Piv txwv li, thaum ib tug neeg noj ib tug txiv apples, complex carbohydrates yog tawg nyob rau hauv lub digestive ib ntsuj av tau yooj yim suab thaj thiab absorbed rau hauv cov hlab ntsha. Cov ntshav qab zib theem pib nce siab - qhov no dhau los ua lub cim qhia rau pancreas los tsim cov tshuaj insulin kom raug, thiab tom qab ob peb feeb cov ntshav qab zib yuav rov zoo li qub. Nws yog ua tsaug rau cov txheej txheem no uas nyob rau hauv ib tug neeg uas tsis muaj ntshav qab zib mellitus thiab ib qho kev cuam tshuam ntawm carbohydrate metabolism, cov ntshav qabzib ib txwm nyob ib puag ncig, txawm tias nws noj ntau cov khoom qab zib. Kuv noj ntau dua - pancreas tsim cov tshuaj insulin ntau dua.
Kev rog rog thiab rog rog yog qhov txaus ntshai rau kev tsim cov ntshav qab zib hom 2. Lub deposition ntawm rog reserves ntawm lub plab yog tshwj xeeb yog txaus ntshai. Qhov no yog ib qho kev qhia ntawm visceral (sab hauv) rog, uas underlies insulin tsis kam - lub ntsiab ua rau mob ntshav qab zib 2. Ntawm qhov tod tes, poob phaus hauv ntshav qab zib tuaj yeem nyuaj heev, vim tias tus kab mob ua rau tag nrho cov kev hloov pauv biochemical hauv lub cev. uas zoo sib xws. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev rau txoj kev kho tsis tau tsuas yog kom normalize ntshav qab zib, tab sis kuj txo qhov hnyav.
Thaum twg txhaj tshuaj insulin tsim nyog, thiab thaum twg lawv tuaj yeem zam tau?
Hauv hom 1 mob ntshav qab zib mellitus, cov hlwb hauv pancreas uas tsim cov tshuaj insulin raug rhuav tshem. Lub cev tsis muaj nws tus kheej insulin, thiab tsis muaj txoj hauv kev los txo cov ntshav qab zib. Hauv qhov no, kev kho tshuaj insulin yog qhov tsim nyog (kev qhia txog cov tshuaj insulin siv cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb, cov cwj mem los yog cov twj insulin).
Kwv yees li 100 xyoo dhau los, ua ntej kev tsim cov tshuaj insulin, lub neej expectancy ntawm cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib hom 1 yog nruab nrab ntawm ob peb lub hlis mus rau 2-3 xyoos tom qab pib ntawm tus kab mob. Niaj hnub no, cov tshuaj niaj hnub tso cai tsis tsuas yog ua kom lub neej expectancy ntawm cov neeg mob, tab sis kuj yuav tshem tawm qhov siab tshaj plaws kev txwv rau lawv.
Nrog hom 2 mob ntshav qab zib mellitus, qib ntawm nws tus kheej insulin tsis txo qis, thiab qee zaum txawm tias siab dua li qub, tab sis nws tsis tuaj yeem ua haujlwm raug. Feem ntau qhov no tshwm sim vim qhov txo qis hauv kev nkag siab ntawm lub cev lub hlwb rau cov tshuaj hormone no, insulin kuj tshwm sim. Yog li, kev kho mob ntshav qab zib hom 2 yog ua raws li kev kho tsis yog-insulin - ntsiav tshuaj thiab cov tshuaj txhaj, tsom, ntawm lwm yam, ntawm kev ua kom cov tshuaj insulin zoo dua.
Mob ntshav qab zib hom twg tsuas yog cov poj niam ntsib?
Lwm hom mob ntshav qab zib mellitus yog gestational diabetes mellitus. Qhov no yog kev nce ntshav qab zib thaum cev xeeb tub, uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem rau tus menyuam hauv plab thiab tus poj niam. Txhawm rau kuaj xyuas tus kab mob no, txhua tus poj niam cev xeeb tub raug kuaj kom ceev cov ntshav qabzib thaum pib cev xeeb tub thiab kuaj ntshav qabzib tau ua thaum 24-26 lub lis piam ntawm cev xeeb tub. Yog tias kuaj pom qhov txawv txav, tus gynecologist xa tus neeg mob mus rau kev sab laj nrog tus kws endocrinologist los daws qhov teeb meem ntawm kev kho.
Lwm qhov kev kuaj mob gynecological cuam tshuam nrog hom 2 mob ntshav qab zib yog polycystic zes qe menyuam syndrome, uas, nrog rau hom 2 mob ntshav qab zib, kuj yog raws li insulin tsis kam. Yog li ntawd, yog tias ib tug poj niam raug soj ntsuam nrog qhov kev kuaj mob no los ntawm gynecologist, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tsis suav nrog ntshav qab zib thiab ntshav qab zib.
Kuj tseem muaj "lwm hom mob ntshav qab zib" tshwm sim tawm tsam keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm qee yam kab mob, noj tshuaj thiab ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm caj ces, tab sis raws li kev txheeb cais lawv kuj tsis tshua muaj.
Leej twg muaj kev pheej hmoo? Yam dab tsi tuaj yeem ua rau muaj qhov pib mob ntshav qab zib?
Mob ntshav qab zib mellitus yog ib hom kab mob uas muaj kev cuam tshuam los ntawm cov kab mob, uas yog, kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev mob yog siab dua rau cov neeg uas nws cov txheeb ze raug kev txom nyem los ntawm qhov teeb meem no. Piv txwv li, qhov tshwm sim ntawm tus menyuam muaj ntshav qab zib hom 1 yog 6% yog tias nws txiv muaj tus kabmob, 2% - niam, thiab 30-35% yog tias ob leeg niam txiv muaj ntshav qab zib hom 1.
Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias tsev neeg tsis muaj ntshav qab zib, qhov no tsis lav txog kev tiv thaiv kab mob. Tsis muaj txoj hauv kev los tiv thaiv ntshav qab zib hom 1.
Rau hom 2 mob ntshav qab zib mellitus, cov kws tshaj lij txheeb xyuas cov xwm txheej pheej hmoo uas peb tsis tuaj yeem cuam tshuam ntxiv lawm. Cov no suav nrog: hnub nyoog tshaj 45 xyoo, muaj cov txheeb ze uas muaj ntshav qab zib hom 2, ntshav qab zib gestational yav dhau los (los yog yug menyuam hnyav dua 4 kg).
Thiab cov kev pheej hmoo hloov pauv tau suav nrog kev rog dhau lossis rog, ib txwm ua lub cev tsis muaj zog, ntshav siab thiab qib roj cholesterol siab. Hauv kev xyaum, qhov no txhais tau hais tias txo lub cev hnyav thiab normalizing ntshav siab tuaj yeem txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev mob ntshav qab zib hom 2.
Koj yuav tsum tau kuaj dab tsi yog tias koj xav tias ntshav qab zib mellitus?
Txhawm rau kom paub meej qhov kev kuaj mob, koj yuav tsum tau kuaj ntshav qabzib sai. Qhov ntsuas ib txwm yuav yog cov ntshav qabzib tsawg dua 6,1 mmol / L yog tias koj pub ntshav los ntawm cov hlab ntsha thiab qis dua 5,6 mmol / L yog tias koj pub ntshav los ntawm tus ntiv tes.
Koj tuaj yeem txiav txim siab qib glycosylated hemoglobin hauv cov ntshav, uas yuav qhia cov ntshav qabzib nruab nrab hauv 3 lub hlis dhau los. Yog tias koj muaj kev sib txawv ntawm cov kev txwv no, hu rau tus kws kho mob endocrinologist, nws yuav ua qhov kev ntsuam xyuas ntxiv thiab sau cov kev kho mob uas tsim nyog.
Yuav ua li cas yog tias tus kws kho mob tau lees paub qhov kev kuaj mob?
Yog tias koj twb tau kuaj pom muaj ntshav qab zib mellitus, koj yuav tsum tsis txhob ntshai, tab sis koj yuav tsum ua tib zoo xav txog qhov no, thiab thawj qhov uas yuav tsum tau ua yog nrhiav tus kws kho mob endocrinologist uas koj yuav tau saib xyuas tas li. Thaum pib ntawm tus kab mob, tus kws kho mob yuav txiav txim siab hom ntshav qab zib mellitus, qib ntawm insulin secretion, muaj cov teeb meem lossis cov kab mob cuam tshuam nrog ntshav qab zib thiab yuav sau ntawv kho kom tsim nyog.
Ntxiv nrog rau kev kho tshuaj, kev noj zaub mov thiab cov teeb meem ntawm lub cev tau tham nrog tus kws kho mob endocrinologist, uas pab kho cov ntshav qab zib mellitus. Hauv tsev, kev saib xyuas tus kheej ntawm cov ntshav qabzib yog ua nrog cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb - glucometer, txhawm rau ntsuas qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov tshuaj. Koj yuav tsum tau mus ntsib tus kws kho mob endocrinologist ib zaug txhua 1-3 lub hlis, nyob ntawm seb tus mob ntawm tus kab mob, thaum tswj cov ntshav qab zib hauv cov txiaj ntsig zoo, yuav tsum tau mus ntsib kws kho mob tsawg dua.
Puas muaj kev kho mob tshiab rau ntshav qab zib?
Txawm tias 10 xyoo dhau los, hom 2 mob ntshav qab zib tau suav hais tias yog kab mob loj zuj zus, uas yog, nrog kev tsis zoo zuj zus, kev loj hlob ntawm cov teeb meem; feem ntau nws ua rau kev tsis taus. Tam sim no muaj cov pab pawg tshiab ntawm cov tshuaj uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov ntshav qabzib thiab txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov teeb meem.
Kev phais metabolic yog ib hom kev phais ntawm lub plab thiab cov hnyuv, uas ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv hauv kev nqus ntawm cov zaub mov thiab tsim cov tshuaj hormones thiab enzymes, uas tso cai rau koj kom poob phaus thiab normalize ntshav qab zib.
Kev kho mob ntshav qab zib hom 2 tshwm sim hauv 50-80%, nyob ntawm seb hom kev ua haujlwm tau ua. Tam sim no, kev kho mob phais yog txoj kev zoo tshaj plaws ntawm kev kho mob ntshav qab zib mellitus. Qhov taw qhia rau kev phais mob metabolic rau hom 2 mob ntshav qab zib mellitus yog qhov ntsuas lub cev hnyav (BMI) ntau dua 35 kg / m2 lossis tsis tuaj yeem kho cov ntshav qab zib mellitus nrog tshuaj thiab nrog BMI ntawm 30-35 kg / m2.