txheem
Hais txog tus neeg tsim khoom noj khoom haus
Xyoo 1863, tus kws tshaj lij Askiv Askiv William Bunting tau sau ib phau ntawv hu ua Tsab Ntawv ntawm Kev Ua Tiav Rau Cov Neeg. Qhov tseeb, qhov no yog thawj phau ntawv ntawm kev noj zaub mov zoo, tus sau uas tham txog nws ntau xyoo ntawm kev ua tsis tiav los poob phaus - ntawm 60 nws hnyav 100 kg. Kev dhia ua si, caij nees, da dej hauv av thiab lwm yam kev ntsuas zoo li tsuas yog ua rau nce qab los. Tsuas yog txoj hauv kev muaj txiaj ntsig zoo yog kev noj zaub mov noj rau Bunting los ntawm Dr. William Harvey, uas qhia tawm tshem cov khob cij, qab zib, qos yaj ywm, butter, mis thiab npias los ntawm kev noj zaub mov, vim tias lawv "saturated nrog carbohydrates thiab ua rau cov teeb meem metabolic." Ib qho ntxiv, tus kws kho mob tau npaj phiaj xwm noj zaub mov kom meej uas tsis muaj leej twg tau ua dhau los. Hauv ob peb lub hlis, tus kws tshaj lij tau poob 30 kg ntawm qhov kev noj zaub mov qis-carb, thiab nws 16-nplooj ntawv tau dhau los ua tus muag khoom hauv ntiaj teb.
Kev tshawb fawb kws sau xov xwm Harold McGee, tus sau ntawm On Food & Cooking: The Science & Lore of the Kitchen, yog ib ntawm kaum phau ntawv qhia zaub mov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm XNUMX caug xyoo, ntseeg tias kev txom nyem tsis tu ncua ntawm kev poob phaus thiab kev noj zaub mov pib nrog Bunting phau ntawv qhia. Puas tau txij li tib neeg pom tias zaub mov tau ua los ntawm cov rog, cov protein thiab carbohydrates, txhua ntawm cov ntsiab lus no tau tshaj tawm tias tsis zoo thiab raug tshem tawm ib ntus. Peb paub txog carbohydrates tsis pub dawb (ketogenic, paleolithic thiab kev noj haus Atkins), cov rog tsawg (DASH thiab Pritikin), thiab cov zaub mov tsis muaj protein ntau. Tab sis qhov tseeb yog tias tsis muaj ib qho ntawm cov zaub mov no tau tshawb fawb pom tias ua tau zoo.
"Thaum kuv pib sau txog zaub mov, Kuv tau mob siab rau kev sib raug zoo ntawm kev noj haus thiab tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv. Tab sis tom qab 10 xyoo, kuv pom tias txhua lub ntsiab lus ntawm kev noj haus tau hloov pauv! Tom qab ntawd, Kuv txiav txim siab tias kuv yuav tsis ua qhov no ntxiv lawm, - Harold McGee hais rau peb thaum nws mus ntsib Moscow rau Kev Sib Tw Science Science kev lom zem. "Tom qab tag nrho, cov kws tshawb fawb tseem tsis paub txaus txog yuav ua li cas tib neeg lub cev ua haujlwm, dab tsi yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua rau nws ua haujlwm tau zoo, ntau npaum li cas cov protein, rog lossis carbohydrates peb yuav tsum tau haus, thiab kev hloov pauv hauv nruab hnub li cas. Los ntawm kev tshawb fawb pom, tsis muaj leej twg tuaj yeem hais qhia tib neeg kom noj qee yam khoom noj. "
Txog cov yeeb ncuab tseem ceeb ntawm tib neeg
Hauv nruab nrab ntawm ib puas xyoo dhau los, tus naj npawb ib tus yeeb ncuab ntawm tib neeg tau pom hauv Tebchaws Meskas, thiab nws tsis yog Soviet Union, tab sis ... rog! Nws tau tshaj tawm tias cov zaub mov muaj rog ua rau atherosclerosis thiab kab mob hauv lub plawv, thiab muaj roj ntau peb noj, muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov kab mob no ntau dua. Hnub no, 60 xyoo tom qab, cov kws kho mob lees paub tias kev noj zaub mov muaj roj tsawg yog qhov tsis zoo vim tias nws muaj suab thaj thiab calories ntau. Tab sis txawm tias nyob ntawm no Harold McGee qhia kom tsis txhob mus deb dhau nrog kev txwv: "Yog, qab zib yuav tsum tsis txhob noj cais, tab sis qhov no tsis txhais tau tias koj yuav tsum tsis suav nws kiag li. Carrots, txiv kab ntxwv, lossis txiv apples muaj qab zib ntau, uas tsis muaj teeb meem. Raws li rau qhov kev txwv niaj hnub no ntawm lwm cov carbohydrates, cia saib mus rau Sab Hnub Tuaj: hauv Suav Teb thiab Nyij Pooj, cov neeg coob tshaj plaws nyob rau ib puas xyoo, thiab lawv cov zaub mov yog cov carbohydrates yooj yim thiab muaj protein tsawg. "
Tias peb txhua tus sib txawv
Xyoo 2018, kws kho mob hauv Tsev Kawm Qib Siab Stanford Christopher Gardner tau tshawb fawb kom paub ib zaug thiab rau txhua qhov-uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua: kev noj zaub mov muaj roj tsawg lossis zaub mov tsis muaj carbohydrate? Qhov kev sim no koom nrog 600 tus neeg tuaj yeem pab dawb uas tau muab tso rau ob hom kev noj zaub mov no. Cov txiaj ntsig tsis tau txhawb nqa: qee qhov poob phaus, thiab qee qhov tsis ua. Ntxiv mus, qee tus neeg tuaj yeem pab dawb txawm tias ua haujlwm tau zoo dua! Los ntawm qhov no, cov kws tshawb fawb tau los txog qhov kev txiav txim siab tu siab tias kev noj zaub mov uas pab ib tus neeg poob phaus tsis ua haujlwm ntawm lwm tus. Txhua yam yog tus kheej.
Harold McGee lees paub qhov kev xav no: “Tib neeg lub cev yoog tau yooj yim rau txhua yam: peb tuaj yeem nyob hauv thaj chaw sov thiab hauv Arctic. Peb lub cev yog tsim los kom peb muaj peev xwm tuav tau txhua yam zaub mov uas peb nrhiav tau. Hom khoom noj zoo tshaj plaws rau ib tus neeg yog qhov sib txawv: muaj ntau yam khoom sib txawv, thiab yog li ntawd tsis muaj leej twg muaj ntau dhau los yog qhov tsis txaus. Yog tias koj xav ua neej nyob ntev thiab muaj kev noj qab haus huv zoo, koj yuav tsum tau saib xyuas tsis yog khoom noj khoom haus xwb, tab sis kuj yuav tsum tau ua ntau npaum li cas koj ua txhua hnub, teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv ntawm koj niam koj txiv, thiab lwm yam. Winston Churchill, piv txwv li, tuag thaum muaj hnub nyoog 90, thaum nws haus luam yeeb thiab haus cawv txhua hnub zoo li vwm, nyiam noj thiab rog dhau. Lub tswv yim ntawm lub neej zoo siab yog kom txaus siab rau qhov koj nyiam tiag tiag. ”
Thoob Ntiaj Teb Thoob Ntiaj Teb thib Ob Ntxaib Science, koom nrog cov kws ua zaub mov Ivan thiab Sergei Berezutsky, tau muaj nyob hauv Moscow thaum Lub Kaum Ib Hlis 7 thiab 8. Lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua koob tsheej yog kev tshawb fawb, kev kawm thiab kev koom ua ke ntawm cov thev naus laus zis siab rau niaj hnub ua zaub mov noj thiab qauv tsev noj mov. Lectures tau xa los ntawm cov kws ua zaub mov nto moo thiab kws tshawb fawb txog zaub mov noj los ntawm thoob ntiaj teb: kws ua zaub mov ntawm Maido tsev noj mov Mitsuharu Tsumura, kws tshawb fawb kws tshawb fawb Bob Holmes, kws ua zaub mov ntawm Disfrutar tsev noj mov Oriol Castro, kws ua zaub mov ntawm La Calandre tsev noj mov Massimiliano Alaimo, kws ua zaub mov ntawm LESS tsev noj mov los ntawm Hertog Jan Gert de Tsis muaj, Rijks tsev noj mov kws ua zaub mov Joris Beydendijk, kws sau xov xwm tshawb fawb Harold McGee, tus kws sau ntawv noj zaub mov Anna Kukulina, Savva tsev noj mov kws ua zaub mov Andrey Shmakov. Kev nkag mus rau cov lus qhuab qhia yog pub dawb, yog li txhua tus, tsis hais txog qib ntawm cov khoom muaj nyiaj, tuaj yeem kawm los ntawm kws ua zaub mov thiab kws tshawb fawb zoo.