Willow nplawm (Pluteus salicinus) yees duab thiab piav qhia

Willow nplawm (Pluteus salicinus)

• Rhodosporus salicinus;
• Pluteus petasatus.

Willow nplawm (Pluteus salicinus) yog ib tug fungus teej tug mus rau genus Plyutey thiab Plyuteev tsev neeg. Mycologist Vasser piav qhia txog hom nceb no ua ib qho khoom noj, tab sis me me-kawm hom. Ob peb xyoos tom qab ntawd, tib tus kws sau ntawv piav qhia txog cov nceb no uas cuam tshuam nrog Asmeskas cov qauv, thiab ua rau lub ntsej muag lub ntsej muag zoo li hallucinogenic. Nyob rau hauv nws muaj pes tsawg leeg, ob peb tshuaj tau pom tias provoke kev loj hlob ntawm hallucinations, nrog rau psilocybin.

Sab nrauv Description

Lub cev fruiting ntawm willow nto qaub ncaug yog lub kaus mom-legged. Nws cov nqaij yog tsis yooj yim, nyias, dej, tus yam ntxwv los ntawm ib tug dawb-grey los yog xim dawb, nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam ntawm lub ceg ntawm sab hauv nws yog xoob, thaum tawg nws yuav me ntsis ntsuab. Lub aroma thiab saj tej zaum yuav inexpressive los yog tsis tshua muaj zog.

Lub kaus mom nyob rau hauv txoj kab uas hla yog li ntawm 2 mus rau 5 cm (qee zaum - 8 cm), pib muaj ib tug conical los yog convex duab. Hauv cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo uas paub tab, nws dhau los ua tiaj-prostrate lossis tiaj-convex. Nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ib feem ntawm lub hau, ib tug thinly scaly, dav thiab qis tubercle yog feem ntau pom. Qhov saum npoo ntawm nceb hau ntawm willow nplawm yog ci iab, radially fibrous, thiab cov fibers yog me ntsis darker nyob rau hauv cov xim tshaj lub ntsiab ntxoov ntxoo. Cov xim ntawm lub kaus mom ntawm cov nceb tau piav qhia tuaj yeem yog greyish-ntsuab, xim av-grey, grey-bluish, xim av lossis tshauv grey. Cov npoo ntawm lub hau yog feem ntau ntse, thiab nyob rau hauv high humidity nws ua striped.

Qhov ntev ntawm qia ntawm fungus txawv ntawm 3 mus rau 5 (qee zaum 10) cm, thiab nyob rau hauv txoj kab uas hla nws feem ntau yog li ntawm 0.3 mus rau 1 cm. Nws yog feem ntau cylindrical nyob rau hauv cov duab, longitudinally fibrous, thiab tej zaum yuav yog me ntsis thickened nyob ze ntawm lub hauv paus. Cov qauv ntawm cov ceg yog txawm, tsuas yog qee zaus nws yog nkhaus, nrog cov tawv nqaij tawv. Nyob rau hauv cov xim - dawb, nrog ib tug ci ntsa iab nto, nyob rau hauv ib co fruiting lub cev nws yuav muaj ib tug greyish, txiv ntseej, xiav los yog ntsuab tint. Ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo qub, cov xim xiav lossis grey-ntsuab feem ntau pom tau. Cov cim tib yam tshwm sim nrog lub zog siab ntawm cov nceb pulp.

Mushroom hymenophore - lamellar, muaj cov me me, feem ntau cov phaj, uas pib muaj cov xim dawb los yog xim dawb. Mature spores ua pinkish los yog liab-xim av. Lawv yog cov dav ellipsoidal hauv cov duab thiab du hauv kev ntxhib los mos.

Grebe lub caij thiab chaw nyob

Active fruiting ntawm willow slugs ntog nyob rau lub sij hawm los ntawm Lub rau hli ntuj mus rau Lub kaum hli ntuj (thiab thaum zus nyob rau hauv sov huab cua puag, lub fungus bears txiv hmab txiv ntoo los ntawm thaum ntxov caij nplooj ntoos hlav mus rau lub caij nplooj zeeg lig). Cov kab mob tau piav qhia loj hlob tuaj hauv cov hav zoov sib xyaw thiab deciduous, nyiam thaj chaw ntub dej thiab belongs rau qeb ntawm saprotrophs. Feem ntau pom nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ib leeg. Tsis tshua muaj willow lashes tuaj yeem pom hauv cov pab pawg me (ntau cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo hauv ib kab). Cov fungus loj hlob ntawm cov nplooj poob ntawm cov ntoo, ze ntawm cov hauv paus hniav, willow, alder, birch, beech, linden thiab poplar. Qee zaum willow nplawm kuj tuaj yeem pom ntawm cov ntoo ntawm cov ntoo coniferous (xws li pines lossis spruces). Willow whips yog dav siv nyob rau hauv Teb chaws Europe, North America, Asia thiab North Africa. Koj tuaj yeem pom hom nceb no hauv Caucasus, Sab Hnub Tuaj Siberia, Kazakhstan, Peb Lub Tebchaws (Tebchaws Europe), nyob rau sab hnub tuaj.

Kev noj haus

Willow nplawm (Pluteus salicinus) belongs rau cov nceb noj tau, tab sis nws qhov me me, tsis muaj zog, tsis muaj qab hau thiab tsis tshua muaj kev tshawb pom ua rau nws tsis tuaj yeem sau cov tsiaj no thiab siv rau zaub mov.

Cov hom zoo sib xws thiab qhov sib txawv ntawm lawv

Lub ecology thiab morphological nta ntawm willow hmuv tso cai rau txawm ib tug inexperienced nceb picker kom paub qhov txawv ntawm no hom ntawm lwm yam nceb ntawm lub genus piav. Loj xiav lossis ntsuab-grey me ntsis pom meej ntawm nws txhais ceg. Hauv cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo uas paub tab, cov xim tau txais ib qho xiav lossis ntsuab tint. Tab sis tag nrho cov cim no tuaj yeem hais tau ntau dua lossis tsawg dua, nyob ntawm qhov chaw ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm fruiting lub cev ntawm willow nplawm. Muaj tseeb, qee zaum cov qauv me me ntawm mos lwj nti, uas muaj xim lub teeb, muaj feem xyuam nrog cov kab mob no. Raws li kev tshuaj xyuas microscopic, ob qho tib si cov qauv tuaj yeem yooj yim sib txawv ntawm ib leeg. Tus mos lwj nto qaub ncaug, zoo ib yam li cov lus piav qhia, tsis muaj buckles ntawm mycelium. Tsis tas li ntawd, willow spittles txawv ntawm mos lwj spittles nyob rau hauv qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm pom kev hloov xim, nrog rau hauv ib qho ntxoov ntxoo ntawm lub hau.

Lwm cov ntaub ntawv hais txog nceb

Lub npe nrov ntawm cov nceb - Pluteus los ntawm lo lus Latin, txhais ua "siege shield". Qhov ntxiv epithet salicinus kuj los ntawm lo lus Latin, thiab hauv kev txhais lus txhais tau tias "will".