Dub-headed Starfish (Geastrum melanocephalum)
- Kev faib tawm: Basidiomycota (Basidiomycetes)
- Subdivision: Agaricomycotina (Agaricomycetes)
- Chav Kawm: Agaricomycetes (Agaricomycetes)
- Subclass: Phallomycetidae (Velkovye)
- Kev txiav txim: Geastrales (Geastral)
- Tsev Neeg: Geastraceae (Geastraceae lossis Hnub Qub)
- Genus: Geastrum (Geastrum lossis Zvezdovik)
- hom: Geastrum melanocephalum (Black-headed starfish)
Cov tub ntxhais hluas txiv hmab txiv ntoo lub cev yog spherical, pear-puab los yog bulbous, 4-7 cm nyob rau hauv loj, nrog ib tug ntse spout mus txog rau 2 cm ntev, xim ntawm dawb mus rau xim av. Exoperidium (lub plhaub sab nraud) fused nrog endoperidium ( puab plhaub). Ib qho tseem ceeb feature yog kev puas tsuaj ntawm endoperidium thaum lub sij hawm maturation, vim hais tias ntawm cov gleba yog kiag li raug. Nws tuaj yeem txhim kho ob qho tib si hauv av thiab protruding ib nrab saum npoo av. Thaum ripe, lub plhaub sab nrauv tawg zoo li lub hnub qub rau hauv 4-6 (5-7) lobes (muaj cov lus ceeb toom ntawm 14 lobes), nthuav tawm rau hauv av los yog tsa ib tug kheej kheej gleba saum av.
Ib yam li lub tsho loj loj, nws tuaj yeem raug cais raws li "meteor" hom.
Lub pulp yog pib ntom, muaj capillium thiab spores, raws li nws ripens, me ntsis fibrous, powdery, tsaus xim av. Capillium (cov fibers nyias) txhawb kev loosening ntawm cov spores loj, thiab nws cov hygroscopicity ua rau txav thiab txhawb kev txau ntawm cov spores.
HABITAT
Cov fungus loj hlob nyob rau hauv cov av humus nyob rau hauv deciduous forests, hav zoov siv ntawm maple, tshauv, zib mu locust, hav zoov chaw ua si, thiab lub vaj. Nws pom tsis ntau dhau los yog tsis tshua muaj nyob hauv thaj chaw uas muaj huab cua sov, hauv cov hav txwv yeem tsis tshua muaj deciduous, chaw ua si thiab vaj, tsawg dua hauv hav zoov coniferous. Nws pom nyob rau hauv hav zoov ntawm cov teb chaws Europe, thiab nyob rau hauv lub roob hav zoov ntawm Central Asia. Nco ntsoov tias hom no tsis tau faib nyob rau sab qaum teb. Hauv Western Europe, nws tsuas yog paub hauv Hungary, Lub Tebchaws Yelemees, Austria, Switzerland. Nyob rau hauv lub European ib feem ntawm peb lub teb chaws, nws mus rau sab qaum teb tsis deb tshaj Moscow cheeb tsam. Qhov kev pom tsis tshua muaj.
TSIM NYOG
Vim qhov loj loj, liab qab, plaub pob ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo, uas, thaum siav, tsis hnav nyob rau hauv lub puab txheej ntawm lub plhaub, lub ntiaj teb dub-headed hnub qub tsis tuaj yeem tsis meej pem nrog lwm hom hnub qub hauv ntiaj teb.