Nws yog qhov paub zoo tias cov kab mob ntawm cov kab mob hauv lub cev thiab cov ntaub so ntswg (cov pos hniav thiab ligamentous apparatus ntawm cov hniav), cov kab mob ntawm cov mucous daim nyias nyias thiab cov nqaij mos ntawm qhov ncauj kab noj hniav yog xyaum tsis haum rau kev kho mob. Tab sis lawv ruaj khov thiab nqis los rau kev zam txim. Qee lub sij hawm kom ruaj khov, qee zaum kom tsawg tshaj tawm. Lub npe hu ua periodontitis, periodontitis thiab gingivitis yog cov kab mob ntau tshaj plaws. Nyob rau hauv Russia, periodontics pib tsim muaj zog tsuas yog 10-12 xyoo dhau los, thiab feem ntau, cov pej xeem tseem tsis tau npaj los daws cov teeb meem no.
Ua ntej koj yuav tsum tau nrog cov lus yooj yooj yim kom tsis txhob muaj cov ntawv thiab kev tshaj tawm tsis raug. Cov kab mob ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg tau muab faib ua dystrophic (koom nrog cov txheej txheem dystrophic hauv cov ntaub so ntswg) - PARODONTOSIS, thiab cov kab mob ntawm cov kab mob inflammatory - PERIODONTITIS. Feem ntau, hmoov tsis, kev tshaj tawm thiab cov ntaub ntawv faib txhua yam hauv ib pawg, tab sis qhov no yog qhov yuam kev tib yam li kev tsis meej pem thiab cais cov kab mob xws li ARTHRITIS thiab ARTHRITIS hauv ib pab pawg. Yog tias koj ib txwm nco ntsoov cov piv txwv ntawm kev mob caj dab thiab mob caj dab, ces koj yuav tsis ua rau muaj kab mob periodontitis thiab kab mob periodontal.
Feem ntau, ntawm chav kawm, muaj cov kab mob ntawm inflammatory etiology - periodontitis. Yuav luag txhua 3-4 tus neeg nyob hauv megacities, thiab tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv Russia, tom qab 35-37 xyoo twb ntsib cov teeb meem no. "Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv Russia" - vim hais tias peb cov tsev kawm ntawv kho mob tsuas yog 6-8 xyoo dhau los tau xaiv ib lub koom haum cais ntawm cov kab mob thiab pib kawm txog qhov teeb meem no ntau dua. Yuav luag txhua tus neeg mob no paub txog cov pos hniav los ntshav, tsis xis nyob thaum tom ntawm cov khoom noj khoom haus, qee zaum yuav luag tag nrho cov khoom noj tsis zoo vim li no, cov hniav txav tau nrog qhov mob thiab tsis hnov tsw, ua tsis taus pa thiab nce ntxiv ntawm cov mos mos thiab mineralized plaque (tartar) . ).
Luv luv hais txog etiology thiab pathogenesis ntawm periodontitis, lub ntsiab ntawm qhov tshwm sim yog cov noob caj noob ces, txoj kev ua neej, kev huv ntawm qhov ncauj thiab tus neeg mob noj zaub mov. Lub pathogenesis ntawm tus kab mob yog hais tias muaj ib tug gradual thiab tsis tu ncua o nyob rau hauv lub ligamentous apparatus ntawm cov hniav, vim li no lub zog ntawm cov hniav nce, qhov mob tas li yog vim muaj cov microflora tsis tu ncua (Str Mutans, Str.Mitis. thiab lwm yam), tus neeg mob tsis muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv nws tus kheej cov hniav thiab tswj kev tu cev kom txaus. Pathological dentogingival pockets (PGD) tshwm sim.
Tag nrho cov tsos mob thiab kev tshwm sim ntawm periodontitis yog txuam nrog ib tug tsis xws luag nyob rau hauv lub periodontal thiab periodontal connective cov ntaub so ntswg, uas yog, nrog maj mam tsim thiab nce o, lub ntsiab hlwb ntawm connective cov ntaub so ntswg, fibroblasts, tsis muaj peev xwm tiv nrog cov synthesis ntawm tshiab connective. cov ntaub so ntswg, yog li, cov hniav txav. Qhov zoo ntawm kev tu cev, uas yog, tus yam ntxwv ntawm tus neeg mob txhuam nws cov hniav, kuj yog ib qho tseem ceeb. Yog li, nrog kev tu kom zoo nyob rau hauv lub qhov ncauj kab noj hniav, tsis tsuas yog ib qho kev tshuav nyiaj li cas ntawm microflora yog tsim, kho hniav plaque thiab tawv hniav deposits raug tshem tawm, tab sis cov ntshav txaus kuj stimulated. Lub normalization ntawm stability ntawm ligamentous apparatus ntawm cov hniav yog cuam tshuam los ntawm kev siv cov khoom, raw thiab unprocessed zaub mov. Qhov no yog ntuj thiab physiological. Nws tsis yog qhov tsim nyog kom muaj kev paub dhau los hauv kev kho hniav kom nkag siab tias txhua lub cev ua haujlwm zoo dua thiab ua kom raug ntau dua nrog cov txheej txheem kom raug (hauv physiology) thauj khoom ntawm nws. Yog li, incisors thiab canines yog pab pawg neeg ntawm cov hniav uas tsim los ntes thiab tom cov zaub mov. Chewing pab pawg - rau kev sib tsoo cov khoom noj.
Nws yog ib tug ntev-paub qhov tseeb, uas yog tseem qhia nyob rau hauv lub Kws qhia ntawv ntawm kev kho hniav, hais tias kev siv cov khoom noj khoom haus (raws li txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub) pab mus rau lub normalization thiab ntxiv dag zog rau lub ligamentous apparatus ntawm cov hniav. Cov me nyuam thaum lub sij hawm tsim tom thiab normalize lub mechanisms ntawm tus kheej tu ntawm lub qhov ncauj kab noj hniav (vim cov txheej txheem ntawm salivation) yog pom zoo kom tsis tu ncua noj 5-7 txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub, tsis grated los yog txiav mus rau hauv me me pieces. Raws li rau cov neeg laus, cov txheej txheem ntxuav tus kheej no kuj yog yam ntxwv ntawm lawv. Qhov no siv rau kev noj zaub mov dav dav.
Qhov sib txawv ntawm omnivorous thiab vegetarianism (veganism) ntawm cov neeg mob kuj txiav txim siab txog cov txheej txheem pathological hauv cov ntaub so ntswg. Xyoo 1985, tus kws kho hniav thiab kws kho hniav ntawm University of California, AJ Lewis (AJ Luiss) tau sau nws cov kev soj ntsuam mus sij hawm ntev tsis yog ntawm cov kab mob caries hauv cov neeg mob nkaus xwb, tab sis kuj ntawm kev txhim kho thiab tshwm sim ntawm periodontitis hauv cov neeg tsis noj nqaij thiab tsis - neeg tsis noj nqaij. Txhua tus neeg mob yog cov neeg nyob hauv California, koom nrog tib pawg neeg sib raug zoo nrog kwv yees li tib neeg nyob thiab qib nyiaj tau los, tab sis txawv ntawm kev noj zaub mov zoo (cov neeg tsis noj nqaij thiab omnivores). Thaum lub sij hawm ntau xyoo ntawm kev soj ntsuam, Lewis pom tias cov neeg tsis noj nqaij, txawm tias muaj hnub nyoog ntau dua li cov neeg mob omnivorous, xyaum tsis raug kev txom nyem los ntawm cov kab mob pathologies. Tawm ntawm 20 tus neeg tsis noj nqaij, pathologies tau kuaj pom hauv 4, thaum pathologies tau pom hauv cov neeg mob omnivorous hauv 12 ntawm 20. Hauv cov neeg tsis noj nqaij, cov kab mob tsis tseem ceeb thiab ib txwm txo qis rau kev zam txim. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, hauv lwm tus neeg mob, tawm ntawm 12 tus neeg mob, 4-5 tau xaus rau ntawm cov hniav.
Lewis piav qhia qhov no tsis yog tsuas yog los ntawm kev ruaj ntseg thiab ib txwm rov tsim dua tshiab ntawm ligamentous apparatus ntawm cov hniav, kev ntxuav tus kheej zoo ntawm lub qhov ncauj kab noj hniav thiab kev noj cov vitamins txaus, uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev sib txuas ntawm tib cov ntaub so ntswg. Tom qab kuaj xyuas cov microflora ntawm cov neeg mob, nws tuaj rau qhov xaus tias cov neeg tsis noj nqaij muaj tsawg dua cov kab mob periodontopathogenic nyob rau hauv lub luag haujlwm (mus tas li) microflora ntawm qhov ncauj kab noj hniav. Los ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas cov mucosal epithelium, nws kuj pom ntau dua ntawm cov kab mob hauv qhov ncauj (immunoglobulins A thiab J) hauv cov neeg tsis noj nqaij.
Ntau hom carbohydrates pib ferment hauv lub qhov ncauj. Tab sis txhua leej txhua tus nyiam thiab xav tsis thoob los ntawm kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm carbohydrate fermentation thiab kev sib raug zoo nrog kev noj cov tsiaj protein los ntawm cov neeg mob. Txhua yam yog qhov tseeb thiab yooj yim ntawm no. Cov txheej txheem ntawm digestion thiab fermentation nyob rau hauv lub qhov ncauj kab noj hniav yog ruaj khov thiab zoo meej nyob rau hauv cov neeg tsis noj nqaij. Thaum siv cov tsiaj protein, cov txheej txheem no cuam tshuam (peb txhais tau tias cov txheej txheem enzymatic ua los ntawm amylase). Yog tias koj sib piv roughly, ces qhov no yog tib yam nrog rau kev siv cov suab thaj, tsis ntev los sis tom qab koj yuav nce qhov hnyav tshaj. Yog lawm, qhov kev sib piv yog qhov ntxhib, tab sis tseem, yog tias ib qho enzymatic system tsim los ntawm cov xwm txheej los rhuav tshem cov carbohydrates yooj yim hauv cov zaub mov, ces qhov sib ntxiv ntawm cov protein yuav sai dua lossis tom qab cuam tshuam tag nrho cov txheej txheem biochemical. Tau kawg, txhua yam yog txheeb ze. Hauv qee tus neeg mob nws yuav hais tau ntau dua, hauv qee qhov tsawg. Tab sis qhov tseeb yog tias cov neeg tsis noj nqaij muaj cov ntaub so ntswg tawv (enamel thiab dentin) nyob rau hauv ib qho kev mob zoo dua (qhov no tau kawm los ntawm Lewis tsis tsuas yog kev txheeb cais, tab sis kuj histologically, cov duab hluav taws xob tseem ua rau cov kws kho hniav noj nqaij rau hnub no). Los ntawm txoj kev, Lewis nws tus kheej yog ib tug neeg tsis noj nqaij nruj, tab sis tom qab kev tshawb fawb nws tau los ua vegan. Nyob rau hnub nyoog 99 thiab tuag thaum muaj cua daj cua dub hauv California thaum caij nthwv dej.
Yog tias txhua yam meej txaus nrog cov teeb meem ntawm caries thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv enzymatic, ces Vim li cas cov neeg tsis noj nqaij ua tau zoo nrog lub ligamentous apparatus ntawm cov hniav thiab cov ntaub so ntswg? Lo lus nug no haunted Lewis thiab lwm tus kws kho hniav tag nrho nws lub neej. Txhua yam nrog cov txheej txheem ntxuav tus kheej thiab qhov zoo ntawm cov kua hauv qhov ncauj kuj yog qhov tseeb. Yuav kom paub, kuv yuav tsum tau "mus rau hauv" kev kho mob thiab histology thiab sib piv cov pob txha thiab cov ntaub so ntswg sib txuas tsis yog ntawm thaj tsam maxillofacial xwb, tab sis ntawm tag nrho cov kabmob thiab cov kab ke.
Cov lus xaus yog logical thiab zoo heev. Cov ntaub so ntswg thiab cov pob txha ntawm cov neeg tsis noj nqaij yog feem ntau ua rau kev puas tsuaj thiab hloov ntau dua li cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm cov neeg tsis noj nqaij. Tsawg tus neeg tam sim no tuaj yeem xav tsis thoob los ntawm qhov kev tshawb pom no. Tab sis ob peb tus neeg nco qab tias kev tshawb fawb hauv cheeb tsam no tau pib ua tsaug rau qhov nqaim ntawm kev kho hniav raws li kev kho hniav.
Sau: Alina Ovchinnikova, PhD, kws kho hniav, kws phais neeg, kws kho hniav.