txheem
Nrog rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov khoom siv tes ua brewing, ntau yam ntawm npias tau tshwm sim ntawm lub khw muag khoom. Kev nkag siab txog ntau yam ntawm pilsners, IPAs, stouts thiab porters tuaj yeem nyuaj. Qhov tseeb, tsuas muaj ob hom dej qab zib - ale thiab lager. Cov tom kawg yog feem ntau pom tau tias yog lub teeb npias classic. Tom ntej no, cia saib dab tsi yog qhov sib txawv ntawm ob hom npias no ntawm kev tsim tshuab, saj thiab haus kab lis kev cai.
Nta ntawm kev tsim cov ale thiab lager
Qhov kev txiav txim siab hauv brewing yog poov xab. Lawv yog lub luag haujlwm rau cov txheej txheem fermentation thaum lub sij hawm fermentation thiab hloov suab thaj rau hauv carbon dioxide thiab cawv. Ale poov xab nyiam kub dua - mus txog 18 txog 24 ° C. Cov kab mob yog nquag ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub Upper ib feem ntawm lub tank, qhov twg wort nyob. Yog li ntawd, ale yog hu ua top-fermented npias.
Txog rau thaum nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua XNUMX, tag nrho cov npias, yam tsis muaj kev zam, tau koom rau hauv qeb ntawm ales. Qhov style ntawm brewing tau hloov zuj zus ntau txhiab xyoo, raws li sab saum toj-fermented hoppy brews zam kub zoo. Nyob rau hauv medieval Europe, tuab thiab me ntsis hoppy npias yog ib qho tseem ceeb staple nrog rau qhob cij. Ib qho me me ntawm cawv tua kab mob, yog li ale hloov dej hauv cov tebchaws nyob sab Europe.
Lager poov xab yog nquag nquag nyob rau hauv qis kub thiab ferments nyob rau hauv qab ntawm lub tank. Hauv qab-fermented npias tau pioneered los ntawm German brewers uas pom tias cov txheej txheem fermentation hauv ale casks txuas ntxiv thaum khaws cia hauv qhov txias txias. Qhov tshwm sim yog lub teeb, muaj zog, me ntsis saj npias uas yog nrov nyob rau hauv medieval taverns. Nyob rau hauv 1516, Bavarian txoj cai "Nyob rau hauv lub purity ntawm brewing" twb dhau lawm, uas txwv tsis pub tsim ntawm qab-fermented npias nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov lub hlis.
Lager poov xab yog thawj zaug cais nyob rau hauv nws cov ntshiab daim ntawv nyob rau hauv 1883. Txij li thaum cov hom muaj ib tug tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm txawv teb chaws inclusions, hauv qab-fermented npias tau khaws cia rau lub sij hawm ntev thiab nws yog profitable los tsim nws. Yog li ntawd, maj mam lub lager pib hloov ale, uas muaj lub txee lub neej luv dua. Kev siv thoob plaws lub tub yees ua rau nws muaj peev xwm brew lager tsis hais lub sijhawm xyoo twg.
Saj txawv ntawm ale thiab lager
Qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm ale thiab lager feem ntau cuam tshuam rau lub paj paj. Raws li ale poov xab ferment ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, lawv tso esters thiab phenolic tebchaw uas ua rau fruity thiab ntsim tones. Belgian hom hom kab mob muab cov dej haus ntau yam ntawm cov khoom qab zib. Craft brewers muab ntau hom hops nrog ntau hom poov xab thiab brew npias nrog cov lus qhia ntawm mango, pineapple, vanilla, txiv tsawb thiab citrus.
Lager poov xab muab npias kom huv si thiab tshiab saj, dominated hop bitterness thiab barley tones. Hauv ntau tus neeg lub siab, npias tiag tiag yog lub teeb, ntshiab lager nrog lub taub hau ntom ntom ntawm npuas. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no tsuas yog kev dag ntxias xwb. Hom poov xab tsis cuam tshuam rau cov xim ntawm cov dej haus. Ob sab saum toj- thiab hauv qab-fermented beers tuaj yeem yog lub teeb lossis tsaus, nyob ntawm seb qib ci los yog malting ntawm barley.
Txawm li cas los xij, feem ntau ntawm cov npias hauv kev ua lag luam raug cais raws li lagers, uas ua tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm cov neeg siv khoom. Ale yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv tes ua brewers vim nws tsis xav tau cov cuab yeej kim thiab muaj lub sij hawm loj hlob nruab nrab ntawm xya hnub. Npias yog brewed nyob rau hauv me me batch thiab tam sim ntawd muag, thiaj li tsis mus tuav lub tso tsheb hlau luam rau lub sij hawm ntev.
Nyob rau xyoo 1970, qhov kev ntshaw ntawm cov neeg tsim khoom kom txaus siab rau cov neeg siv khoom ua rau lub fact tias lagers poob lawv tus cwj pwm thiab tsis sib txawv ntawm ib leeg. Kev poob qis hauv kev txaus siab hauv npias yuam cov tuam txhab sim ua cov qauv thiab rov qab cov ntsiab lus ester qis rau lagers.
Tam sim no, hybrid styles tau tshwm sim uas siv ib hom poov xab hauv kev tsim khoom, tab sis fermentation yuav siv qhov chaw ntawm qhov kub thiab txias. Cov thev naus laus zis ua rau nws tuaj yeem tau txais npias huv thiab pob tshab nrog cov yam ntxwv saj.
Kab lis kev cai ntawm kev siv
Classic lager quenches nqhis dej zoo, thiab ntau yam tsis muaj zog tuaj yeem noj yam tsis muaj khoom noj txom ncauj lossis khoom noj txom ncauj. Lub teeb ntau yam mus zoo nrog pizza, kub dev, thiab nrov ntses & Chips tais nyob rau hauv UK - kib ntses thiab french fries. Czech pilsner yog tsim rau kib sausages, nqaij nruab deg, grilled nqaij. Tsaus lager ntau yam ua rau muaj kev noj zaub mov zoo nrog cov cheese uas paub tab thiab cov nqaij haus luam yeeb.
Ntau hom ale zoo nrog qee yam khoom noj. Kev sib xyaw ua ke pom zoo:
- IPA (Indian pale ale) - ntses rog, burgers, Thaib tais diav;
- dub ales - nqaij liab, ntsim cheeses, lasagna, stewed nceb;
- tus neeg nqa khoom thiab stout - grilled nqaij thiab sausages, oysters, tsaus chocolate khoom qab zib;
- saison - nqaij qaib siav nrog qej, nqaij nruab deg kua zaub, tshis cheese;
- zib mu thiab spiced ales - kev ua si, sausages.
Txhua hom npias muaj nws tus kheej noj. Lagers feem ntau qaug cawv los ntawm iav siab lossis los ntawm npias mugs nrog ntim ntawm 0,56 litres. Tsaus ntau yam tau txais kev pab hauv cov tsom iav loj tulip. Tsoos ale iav yog hu ua pints thiab yog cylindrical nyob rau hauv cov duab nrog ib tug flared saum thiab ib tug thicker hauv qab. Muaj zog stouts, porters thiab maub ales tuaj yeem muab nchuav rau hauv cov iav tulip thiab kev cai zoo li goblets.