Endothelial dysfunction plays lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv qhov pib ntawm cov kab mob thiab hauv cov kab mob plawv. Yuav txhais li cas endothelium, nws lub luag haujlwm yog dab tsi? Dab tsi yog qhov kev pheej hmoo uas ua rau endothelial tsis ua haujlwm?

Lub vascular endothelium tsim cov cellular barrier ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg thiab cov ntshav. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb hauv kev tswj hwm vasomotor phenomena ntawm vascular permeability, lub suab thiab cov qauv ntawm cov hlab ntsha. Endothelial hlwb, nyob rau hauv cov lus teb rau stimuli, tsim cov kev cai molecules.

Txhawm rau txo qis kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov hlab plawv, endothelium yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev tiv thaiv thiab kho lub cev.

Nyob rau hauv kev cuam tshuam ntawm kev laus thiab kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov hlab ntsha, endothelium tuaj yeem ua haujlwm tau thiab raug hloov pauv hloov pauv uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau txoj haujlwm no, ib tus tom qab ntawd hais txog "endothelial dysfunction".

Endothelial dysfunction yog txhais tau tias yog ib qho txawv txav ntawm endothelium-dependent vasodilation tshwm sim los ntawm kev txo qis ntawm vasodilator yam, xws li nitric oxide (NO), thiab ua kom cov kab mob endothelial zuj zus. Qhov kev ua kom no ua rau tso tawm cov nplaum nplaum los ntawm endothelium thiab macrophages (cov cell uas yog cov qe ntshav dawb, uas nkag mus rau hauv cov ntaub so ntswg. Thaum lub sij hawm thrombosis thiab o, cov molecules no koom nrog hauv kev recruitment ntawm leukocytes thiab l platelet adhesion.

Muaj ib txwm muaj thiab tsis yog ib txwm muaj kev pheej hmoo.

Ib txwm muaj kev pheej hmoo

Ntawm cov xwm txheej ib txwm muaj, endothelial tsis ua haujlwm tau pom nyob rau hauv cov neeg mob uas muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov hlab plawv, dyslipidemia, ntshav qab zib, ntshav siab. Kev haus luam yeeb, hnub nyoog, thiab kev xeeb tub kuj yog yam uas yuav tsum xav txog.

Tsis yog ib txwm muaj kev pheej hmoo

Ntawm cov npe uas tsis yog ib txwm muaj, muaj qhov tsis sib xws hauv kev tsim cov vasodilator lossis vasoconstrictor yam uas ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv hauv vasodilator muaj peev xwm ntawm endothelium, qhov cim tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm endothelial.

Endothelial muaj nuj nqi, ua tsaug rau vasculoprotective teebmeem ntawm nitric oxide (NO), tiv thaiv kab mob plawv.

Endothelial dysfunction yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas tshaj tawm qhov pib ntawm qee yam kab mob:

• Cov xwm txheej hauv plawv;
• Insulin tsis kam;
• Hyperglycemia;
• Ntshav siab;
• Dyslipidémie.

Cov tshuaj pab muaj xws li statins, uas txo cov roj cholesterol txawm tias cov roj (cholesterol) zoo li qub lossis tsuas yog nce me ntsis, thiab qee zaum cov tshuaj aspirin lossis lwm yam tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv platelets los ntawm clumping ua ke thiab los ntawm kev tsim cov hlab ntsha.

Qee cov tshuaj siv los kho cov ntshav siab thiab qee cov tshuaj siv los kho cov ntshav qab zib kuj txo qis.

Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev kuaj xyuas endothelial tsis ua haujlwm, cuam tshuam lossis tsis cuam tshuam, ua haujlwm lossis lom neeg, yog cov ntaub ntawv uas txhim kho kev paub txog kev mob plawv pathophysiology thiab tso cai rau qee yam, los ntsuas qhov ua tau zoo ntawm kev kho mob. nyob rau ntawm qhov kev tshwm sim ntawm qee pawg neeg mob.

Hauv tib neeg, endothelial dysfunction tuaj yeem kwv yees los ntawm kev ntsuas:

• Plasma concentrations ntawm cov metabolites ntawm dinitrogen monoxide (NO): cov khoom tsis ruaj khov heev, nws tsis tuaj yeem txiav txim siab hauv cov ntshav, ntawm qhov tod tes, kev txiav txim siab ntawm nws cov metabolites (nitrites thiab nitrates) tuaj yeem ua tau hauv cov zis;
• Plasma concentrations ntawm adhesion molecules: cov molecules koom nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem inflammatory los ntawm kev tso cai rau lub adhesion ntawm monocytes mus rau lub endothelium, ces lawv tsiv mus nyob rau hauv lub puab phab ntsa ntawm cov hlab ntsha thiab cov hlab ntsha;
• Inflammatory markers.

Ntau cov cim lom neeg kuj ua pov thawj rau kev ua haujlwm endothelial. Cov rhiab heev C-reactive protein (CRP) thiab extracellular superoxide dismutase (lub zog enzyme system) yog ntawm lawv.

Txhawm rau tiv thaiv endothelial dysfunction, ntau lub tswv yim tau raug npaj nrog rau kev noj haus. Lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov khoom noj xws li fatty acids, vitamins antioxidant, folate, vitamin D thiab polyphenols yog qhov tseem ceeb.

• Qib qis ntawm vitamin D ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo siab ntawm kab mob plawv thiab ntshav qab zib hom 2;
• Oxidative kev nyuaj siab tuaj yeem cuam tshuam kev ua haujlwm endothelial los ntawm kev mob thiab txo qis tsis muaj;
• Lycopene, muaj zog antioxidant, yuav txo tau cov cim rau kev ua kom cov endothelium, reactive C protein, thiab systolic ntshav siab thiab yuav muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau oxidative kev nyuaj siab;
• Polyphenols yog muab los ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo, zaub, cocoa, tshuaj yej thiab liab cawu cub. Lawv noj yog txuam nrog kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov kab mob plawv.