Lawv hais txog nws tias nws phem tshaj hluav taws. Thiab yog tias kev txav mus los yog teeb meem ntau rau cov neeg laus, yuav ua li cas tham txog menyuam yaus. Qhov kev hloov ntawm scenery cuam tshuam rau tus menyuam li cas? Thiab puas tuaj yeem txo qhov kev ntxhov siab?
Nyob rau hauv lub tas luav "Inside Out", ib tug hluas nkauj 11-xyoo-laus mob heev raug kev tsiv ntawm nws tsev neeg mus rau qhov chaw tshiab. Nws tsis yog coincidence uas filmmakers xaiv zaj dab neeg no. Ib tug radical hloov ntawm scenery yog ib qho kev ntxhov siab heev tsis yog rau cov niam txiv, tab sis kuj rau cov me nyuam. Thiab qhov kev ntxhov siab no tuaj yeem ua rau lub sijhawm ntev, cuam tshuam rau tib neeg lub hlwb kev noj qab haus huv yav tom ntej.
Tus menyuam yau, nws yooj yim dua nws yuav dhau mus hloov chaw nyob. Nov yog qhov peb xav thiab peb yuam kev. American psychologists Rebecca Levin Cowley thiab Melissa Kull tau pom1tias kev txav mus los yog qhov nyuaj tshwj xeeb rau cov menyuam kawm ntawv preschool.
Rebecca Levine hais tias "Cov menyuam yaus tsis tshua muaj peev xwm tsim kev sib raug zoo, feem ntau yuav muaj teeb meem kev xav thiab kev coj cwj pwm," Rebecca Levine hais. Cov teebmeem no tuaj yeem kav ntev xyoo. Cov tub ntxhais kawm nyob rau qib qis lossis qib nruab nrab tiv taus qhov txav tau yooj yim dua. Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm txoj kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias qhov tsis zoo ntawm kev txav mus los - qhov kev poob qis hauv kev kawm (tshwj xeeb yog lej thiab kev nyeem ntawv nkag siab) hauv cov menyuam yaus tsis tau hais tawm thiab lawv qhov cuam tshuam sai sai.
Cov menyuam yaus muaj kev saib xyuas ntawm lawv tus cwj pwm thiab nyiam
Txhua tus niam txiv paub tias nws nyuaj npaum li cas, piv txwv li, kom tus me nyuam sim ua zaub mov tshiab. Rau cov menyuam yaus, kev ruaj ntseg thiab kev paub yog qhov tseem ceeb, txawm tias nyob rau hauv tej yam me me. Thiab thaum tsev neeg txiav txim siab hloov lawv qhov chaw nyob, yog li tam sim ntawd yuam tus menyuam kom tso tseg suav tsis txheeb tus cwj pwm thiab, raws li nws tau, sim ntau cov tais diav uas tsis paub hauv ib zaum. Tsis muaj kev yaum thiab kev npaj.
Lwm pab pawg ntawm psychologists tau ua ib qho kev tshawb fawb zoo sib xws.2siv cov txheeb cais los ntawm Denmark. Hauv lub tebchaws no, txhua qhov kev txav ntawm cov pej xeem tau ua tib zoo sau tseg, thiab qhov no muab lub sijhawm tshwj xeeb los kawm txog qhov cuam tshuam ntawm kev hloov chaw nyob ntawm cov menyuam yaus ntawm cov hnub nyoog sib txawv. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, kev txheeb cais tau kawm rau ntau tshaj li ib lab Danes yug ntawm 1971 thiab 1997. Ntawm cov no, 37% muaj txoj hauv kev kom muaj sia nyob ntawm kev txav mus los (lossis ob peb) ua ntej hnub nyoog 15 xyoos.
Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, psychologists tau xav ntau tsis xav nyob rau hauv tsev kawm ntawv kev ua tau zoo, tab sis nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam yaus delinquency, tua tus kheej, kev quav yeeb tshuaj, thiab kev tuag ntxov (hmoov thiab tsis sib haum xeeb).
Nws tau muab tawm hais tias nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm Danish cov tub ntxhais hluas, qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm xws li tragic tshwm sim yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog muaj zog tom qab heev heev tsiv nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov hluas (12-14 xyoo). Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov tsev neeg sib txawv (cov nyiaj tau los, kev kawm, kev ua haujlwm), uas tau coj los rau hauv cov kws tshawb fawb, tsis cuam tshuam rau qhov kev kawm. Thawj qhov kev xav tias cov teebmeem tsis zoo yuav cuam tshuam rau cov tsev neeg uas muaj kev kawm qis thiab cov nyiaj tau los tsis tau lees paub.
Tau kawg, kev hloov chaw nyob tsis tuaj yeem zam dhau. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas tus me nyuam lossis cov tub ntxhais hluas tau txais kev txhawb nqa ntau npaum li sai tau tom qab tsiv mus, ob qho tib si hauv tsev neeg thiab tom tsev kawm ntawv. Yog tias tsim nyog, koj tuaj yeem nrhiav kev pab cuam puas hlwb.
Sandra Wheatley, tus kws tshaj lij Askiv hauv kev xav txog menyuam yaus, piav qhia tias thaum tsiv mus, tus menyuam muaj kev ntxhov siab loj, raws li qhov kev txiav txim siab me me uas nws tau paub ntev lawm. Qhov no nyob rau hauv lem ua rau muaj kev xav ntawm insecurity thiab ntxhov siab vim.
Tab sis yuav ua li cas yog tias kev txav mus los tsis tuaj yeem zam tau?
Tau kawg, cov kev tshawb fawb no yuav tsum tau khaws cia hauv siab, tab sis lawv yuav tsum tsis txhob raug coj los ua qhov tsis muaj peev xwm tuag taus. Ntau yam nyob ntawm kev puas siab puas ntsws hauv tsev neeg thiab cov xwm txheej uas ua rau muaj kev txav mus los. Ib yam yog kev sib nrauj ntawm niam txiv, thiab lwm yam yog kev hloov ntawm kev ua haujlwm rau ib qho kev cog lus ntau dua. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau tus menyuam kom pom tias cov niam txiv tsis txhob ntshai thaum tsiv, tab sis ua cov kauj ruam no kom ntseeg siab thiab zoo siab.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm nws cov khoom vaj khoom tsev qub txav nrog tus me nyuam - tsis yog cov khoom ua si nyiam, tab sis kuj yog rooj tog, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nws lub txaj. Xws li cov khoom qub ntawm txoj kev ua neej qub yog qhov tseem ceeb txaus kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg sab hauv. Tab sis qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws - tsis txhob rub tus me nyuam tawm ntawm qhov qub ib puag ncig convulsively, sai sai, tshee thiab tsis muaj kev npaj.
1 R. Coley & M. Kull «Cumulative, Timing-Specific, and Interactive Models of Residential Mobility and Children's Cognitive and Psychosocial Skills, Child Development, 2016.
2 R. Webb al. "Qhov tshwm sim tsis zoo rau Cov Hnub Nyoog Nrab Nrab Nruab Nrab Txuas Nrog Me Nyuam Nyob Hauv Chaw Nyob", American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2016.