Txhua xyoo, American nonprofit Environmental Working Group (EWG) luam tawm cov npe ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab ntau tshaj plaws thiab huv tshaj plaws txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub. Cov pab pawg tshwj xeeb hauv kev tshawb fawb thiab kev tshaj tawm cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg, kev pab nyiaj ua liaj ua teb, pej xeem cov av thiab kev tshaj tawm txog kev lag luam. Lub luag haujlwm ntawm EWG yog qhia rau tib neeg los tiv thaiv pej xeem kev noj qab haus huv thiab ib puag ncig.
25 xyoo dhau los, National Academy of Sciences tau luam tawm tsab ntawv ceeb toom qhia txog kev txhawj xeeb txog menyuam yaus raug tshuaj tua kab mob los ntawm lawv cov zaub mov, tab sis cov pej xeem hauv ntiaj teb tseem siv tshuaj tua kab ntau ntau txhua hnub. Txawm hais tias zaub thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm kev noj qab haus huv, kev tshawb fawb qhia tias cov tshuaj tua kab hauv cov zaub mov no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo rau tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv.
13 Cov Khoom Noj Dirtiest
Daim ntawv teev npe suav nrog cov khoom lag luam hauv qab no, teev nyob rau hauv qis qis ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab: strawberries, spinach, nectarines, txiv apples, txiv hmab txiv ntoo, txiv duaj, oyster nceb, pears, txiv lws suav, celery, qos yaj ywm thiab kub liab peppers.
Txhua yam khoom noj no tau kuaj pom zoo rau ntau yam tshuaj tua kab sib txawv thiab muaj cov tshuaj tua kab ntau dua li lwm cov khoom noj.
Ntau tshaj 98% ntawm strawberries, spinach, txiv duaj, nectarines, cherries thiab txiv apples tau pom tias muaj cov seem ntawm yam tsawg kawg yog ib qho tshuaj tua kab.
Ib qho piv txwv ntawm strawberry pom qhov muaj nyob 20 hom tshuaj tua kab sib txawv.
Cov qauv spinach nruab nrab yog 1,8 npaug ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab residue piv rau lwm cov qoob loo.
Kev lig kev cai, daim ntawv teev npe Dirty Dozen muaj 12 yam khoom, tab sis xyoo no nws tau txiav txim siab nthuav nws mus rau 13 thiab suav nrog cov kua txob liab liab. Nws tau pom tias muaj cov tshuaj tua kab mob (tshuaj tshuaj npaj los tua cov kab mob phem) uas muaj tshuaj lom rau tib neeg lub paj hlwb. USDA kev sim ntawm 739 cov qauv ntawm cov kua txob kub hauv xyoo 2010 thiab 2011 pom cov seem ntawm peb cov tshuaj tua kab mob, acephate, chlorpyrifos, thiab oxamil. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov concentration ntawm cov khoom muaj siab txaus ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab. Hauv xyoo 2015, nws tau pom tias cov khoom seem ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab no tseem tuaj yeem pom hauv cov qoob loo.
EWG pom zoo tias cov neeg uas nquag noj cov kua txob kub yuav tsum xaiv cov organic. Yog tias lawv tsis tuaj yeem nrhiav tau lossis kim dhau, lawv yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws boiled los yog thermally ua tiav raws li cov tshuaj tua kab raug txo los ntawm kev ua noj.
15 zaub mov huv
Daim ntawv teev npe muaj cov khoom uas tau pom tias muaj cov tshuaj tua kab tsawg dua. Nws suav nrog avocado, qab zib pob kws, pineapple, zaub qhwv, dos, khov ntsuab peas, papaya, asparagus, txiv nkhaus taw, eggplant, zib ntab melon, kiwi, cantaloupe melon, cauliflower thiab broccoli. Qhov tsawg tshaj plaws ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab residue tau pom nyob rau hauv cov khoom no.
Qhov huv tshaj plaws yog avocados thiab pob kws qab zib. Tsawg dua 1% ntawm cov qauv qhia pom tias muaj cov tshuaj tua kab.
Ntau tshaj 80% ntawm pineapples, papayas, asparagus, dos thiab cabbages tsis muaj tshuaj tua kab kiag li.
Tsis muaj ib qho ntawm cov khoom lag luam uas tau teev tseg muaj ntau dua 4 cov tshuaj tua kab.
Tsuas yog 5% ntawm cov qauv ntawm cov npe muaj ob lossis ntau dua cov tshuaj tua kab.
Dab tsi yog qhov phom sij ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab?
Ob xyoo dhau los no, ntau yam tshuaj tua kab mob lom ntau tshaj plaws tau raug tshem tawm los ntawm ntau yam kev siv ua liaj ua teb thiab txwv tsis pub los ntawm tsev neeg. Lwm yam, xws li tshuaj tua kab organophosphate, tseem siv rau qee cov qoob loo.
Ntau qhov kev tshawb fawb mus sij hawm ntev ntawm cov menyuam yaus Asmeskas, pib thaum xyoo 1990, tau pom tias raug tshuaj tua kab mob organophosphate hauv cov menyuam yaus ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj mus ntev rau lub hlwb thiab lub paj hlwb.
Nyob nruab nrab ntawm 2014 thiab 2017, cov kws tshawb fawb ntawm Lub Chaw Tiv Thaiv Ib puag ncig tau tshuaj xyuas cov ntaub ntawv qhia tias cov tshuaj tua kab organophosphate cuam tshuam rau menyuam lub hlwb thiab tus cwj pwm. Lawv tau txiav txim siab tias kev siv tshuaj tua kab tsis tu ncua (chlorpyrifos) tsis zoo thiab yuav tsum raug txwv. Txawm li cas los xij, Lub Chaw Haujlwm tus thawj tswj hwm tshiab tau tshem tawm qhov kev npaj txiav npluav thiab tshaj tawm tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev nyab xeeb yuav tsis ua tiav kom txog rau thaum 2022.
Ib pawg ntawm cov kev tshawb fawb tsis ntev los no qhia txog kev sib txuas ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub noj nrog cov tshuaj tua kab ntau dua thiab teeb meem fertility. Ib txoj kev tshawb fawb Harvard pom tias cov txiv neej thiab cov poj niam uas tau tshaj tawm ntau zaus noj cov zaub mov muaj tshuaj tua kab muaj teeb meem muaj menyuam. Tib lub sijhawm, cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub tsawg dua nrog cov tshuaj tua kab tsis muaj qhov tsis zoo.
Nws yuav siv sij hawm ntau xyoo thiab cov peev txheej loj los ua cov kev tshawb fawb uas yuav kuaj cov tshuaj tua kab rau cov zaub mov thiab tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv. Kev tshawb fawb mus sij hawm ntev ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab organophosphate ntawm lub hlwb thiab tus cwj pwm ntawm cov menyuam yaus tau siv ntau tshaj kaum xyoo.
Yuav Ua Li Cas Kom Tsis txhob siv tshuaj tua kab
Tsis yog vim qee tus neeg nyiam cov khoom lag luam organic. Ib txoj kev tshawb fawb xyoo 2015 los ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb hauv University of Washington pom tias cov neeg uas yuav cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub muaj cov tshuaj tua kab organophosphate qis dua hauv lawv cov qauv tso zis.
Nyob rau hauv Russia, tej zaum yuav sai sai no ib txoj cai tswj kev ua ub no ntawm producers ntawm organic khoom. Txog thaum lub sijhawm ntawd, tsis muaj ib txoj cai tswjfwm kev lag luam no, yog li ntawd, thaum yuav cov khoom "organic", cov neeg siv khoom tsis tuaj yeem paub tseeb 100% tias cov chaw tsim khoom tsis siv tshuaj tua kab. Peb cia siab tias tsab cai lij choj yuav siv tau rau yav tom ntej.
საზამთრო და ქოქოსი დაგაკლდათ მაგრამ
კარგი იყო.